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> Cypriniformes (Carps) > Cyprinidae (Minnows or carps) > Labeoninae
Etymology: Cirrhinus: Latin, cirrus = curl fringe (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bloch.

Issue
The species Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton, 1822) is considered as valid in Eschmeyer (CofF ver. May 2011: Ref. 86870) following Menon (1999: Ref. 41236). Please send references, or more studies are needed.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

; zoet water; brak water benthopelagisch; potamodroom (Ref. 51243); diepte 5 - ? m (Ref. 4832). Tropical; 28°N - 7°N

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Asia: native to large rivers in the Indian subcontinent (Ref. 12693). Has been so widely transported in connection to aquaculture that its natural distribution can no longer be determined (Ref. 33488).

Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm SL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 33488); common length : 40.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 6028); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 12.7 kg (Ref. 4832)

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Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 0; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 12 - 15; Wervels: 39. Body plain greyish; 12-15 branched dorsal rays (Ref. 43281).

Adults inhabit fast flowing streams and rivers (Ref. 41236). Can tolerate high levels of salinity. Juveniles are omnivorous to about 5 cm TL, adults are almost entirely herbivorous. Feed on plankton, but also grazes on algae. Spawning occurs in marginal areas of the water body with a depth of 50-100 cm over a sand or clay substrate. A 6 kg female can lay a million eggs (of 1 mm diameter) (Ref. 6028). Widely cultured in India but fails to breed naturally in ponds, thus induced breeding is done. Fishery harvests 40 cm fish weighing 1000 g and of about 3 years. A very active fish that thrives in ponds but spawns in swift rivers. Fingerlings are in great demand for stocking ponds between July and November (Ref. 4832).

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Roberts, T.R., 1997. Systematic revision of the tropical Asian labeon cyprinid fish genus Cirrhinus, with descriptions of new species and biological observations on C. lobatus. Nat. Hist. Bull. Siam Soc. 45:171-203. (Ref. 33488)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)

Kwetsbaar, zie IUCN Rode Lijst (VU) (D2); Date assessed: 17 March 2011

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

Harmless

Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: van groot commercieel belang; Aquacultuur: commercieel; sportvis: ja

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00871 (0.00727 - 0.01044), b=3.02 (2.97 - 3.07), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278): 2.4 ±0.17 se; based on food items.

Generation time: 13.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies.

Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179): Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (K=0.12-0.29).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100).

Prijsklasse (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 178 [83, 324] mg/100g; Iron = 1.02 [0.51, 1.94] mg/100g; Protein = 17 [16, 18] %; Omega3 = 0.206 [0.101, 0.426] g/100g; Selenium = 152 [64, 361] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.1 [4.8, 27.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.745 [0.373, 1.266] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.

Cirrhinus cirrhosus (Bloch, 1795)