分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 1 - 100 m (Ref. 9710). 熱帶; 38°N - 33°S
Western Atlantic: Virginia, USA and northern Gulf of Mexico to Brazil; not occurring in Bermuda.
西大西洋: 美國維吉尼亞與墨西哥灣北部到巴西; 不出現在百慕達群島。 也在巴哈馬 (參考文獻 26938)
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 35.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 26340); common length : 20.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5217)
背棘 (总数) : 12; 背的软条 (总数) : 9; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 5. Occipital pit present; two spines on part of preorbital overlapping maxillary; supplemental preopercular spine present; dark brown spots on inner part of pectoral fin (Ref. 13608).
后头骨凹洞呈现; 眶前骨部分重叠的上颌骨的在部份上的二根棘; 补充的前鳃盖骨棘呈现; 在胸鳍的内侧上的深褐色的斑点.(参考文献 13608)
Commonly found in bays, harbors, and on the continental shelf. Inhabits soft bottoms. Traded as an aquarium fish at Ceará, Brazil (Ref. 49392).
普遍地栖息于海湾，港湾, 与在大陆架上。 栖息于软质底部。 在巴西的塞阿腊作为一个水族馆鱼交易了。 (参考文献 49392)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
Oviparous (Ref. 36715).西大西洋: 美國維吉尼亞與墨西哥灣北部到巴西; 不出現在百慕達群島。 也在巴哈馬 (參考文獻 26938)
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 水族馆: 商业性
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特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 21.8 - 27.9, mean 25.5 °C (based on 528 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01318 (0.00626 - 0.02776), b=3.03 (2.86 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (25 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 45.5 [23.3, 98.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.542 [0.289, 1.536] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [16.9, 20.2] %; Omega3 = 0.215 [0.098, 0.569] g/100g; Selenium = 36.2 [19.8, 87.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 114 [40, 307] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.2 [0.8, 1.7] mg/100g (wet weight);
