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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Labridae (Wrasses)
Etymology: Semicossyphus: Greek, semi = half + Greek, kossyphos, -ou = a kind of fish (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Ayres.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecología
marino asociado a arrecife; rango de profundidad 0 - 55 m (Ref. 9311), usually 3 - 30 m (Ref. 9311). Subtropical; 37°N - 22°N, 123°W - 106°W
Eastern Pacific: Monterey Bay in California, USA to Guadalupe Island (off northern central Baja California) and Gulf of California.
Tamaño / Peso / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 91.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 2850); peso máximo publicado: 16.0 kg (Ref. 2850); edad máxima reportada: 53 años (Ref. 56049)
Prefer rocky bottom, particularly in kelp beds. Often feed on hard-shelled organisms such as sea urchins, mollusks, lobsters and crabs. Spawning occur during the summer and the eggs are pelagic (Ref. 9311). Live to more than 50 years of age. Each individual functions first as a female but changes to a male at a length of about 30 cm. Pelagic spawners (Ref. 56049). Flesh is white, of good quality and marketed fresh (Ref. 9311). The large teeth can cause serious bite wounds.
A diandric species (Ref. 55367). Transforms to a male at length of about 30.1 cm TL and 7.9 years of age (Ref. 55367). Forms leks during breeding (Ref. 55367). Pelagic spawner (Ref. 56049).
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Traumatogenic (Ref. 13513)
Human uses
Pesquerías: comercial; pesca deportiva: si; Acuario: Comercial
Herramientas
Special reports
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Fuentes de Internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 16.6 - 22.9, mean 21.2 °C (based on 30 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00456 - 0.02002), b=3.06 (2.89 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Nivel trófico (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.43 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 6.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Resiliencia (Ref.
120179): Muy bajo, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo superior a 14 años (tmax=53; tm=5; Fec=300,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (55 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (78 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 17.8 [8.7, 35.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.485 [0.267, 0.889] mg/100g; Protein = 19.5 [16.7, 21.7] %; Omega3 = 0.187 [0.109, 0.324] g/100g; Selenium = 19.1 [9.5, 37.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 36.7 [11.3, 141.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.684 [0.467, 1.110] mg/100g (wet weight);
