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Semicossyphus pulcher (Ayres, 1854)

California sheephead
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Semicossyphus pulcher   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Semicossyphus pulcher (California sheephead)
Semicossyphus pulcher
Female picture by Gotshall, D.W.

分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) 鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Labridae (Wrasses) 隆頭魚科 (Wrasses)
Etymology: Semicossyphus: Greek, semi = half + Greek, kossyphos, -ou = a kind of fish (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Ayres.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 0 - 55 m (Ref. 9311), usually 3 - 30 m (Ref. 9311). 亞熱帶的; 37°N - 22°N, 123°W - 106°W

分布 国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

Eastern Pacific: Monterey Bay in California, USA to Guadalupe Island (off northern central Baja California) and Gulf of California.
東太平洋: 到哥德洛普島島 (外海的中北部的下加利福尼亞) 與加州灣的在美國加州中的蒙德勒海灣。

大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 91.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2850); 最大体重: 16.0 kg (Ref. 2850); 最大年龄: 53 年 (Ref. 56049)

生物学特性     字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Prefer rocky bottom, particularly in kelp beds. Often feed on hard-shelled organisms such as sea urchins, mollusks, lobsters and crabs. Spawning occur during the summer and the eggs are pelagic (Ref. 9311). Live to more than 50 years of age. Each individual functions first as a female but changes to a male at a length of about 30 cm. Pelagic spawners (Ref. 56049). Flesh is white, of good quality and marketed fresh (Ref. 9311). The large teeth can cause serious bite wounds.

偏爱岩石的底部, 特别地在海藻床中。 时常吃具有硬壳的生物例如海胆,软件动物,龙虾与螃蟹。 产卵在夏天期间出现,而且卵是大洋性的。 (参考文献 9311) 活到超过 50 岁。 每个个体功能第一个当一条母鱼但是变成一只雄鱼在体长大约 30 公分。 大洋性产卵鱼.(参考文献 56049) 肉是白色的, 好质量与生鲜销售.(参考文献 9311) 大的齿能引起严重的咬创伤。

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼

A diandric species (Ref. 55367). Transforms to a male at length of about 30.1 cm TL and 7.9 years of age (Ref. 55367). Forms leks during breeding (Ref. 55367). Pelagic spawner (Ref. 56049).東太平洋: 到哥德洛普島島 (外海的中北部的下加利福尼亞) 與加州灣的在美國加州中的蒙德勒海灣。

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 : Westneat, Mark | 合作者

Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

  次级保育类动物, 见 IUCN 红皮书 (VU) (A2bd); Date assessed: 31 January 2006

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

  引起创伤的 (Ref. 13513)





人类利用

渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的; 水族馆: 商业性
FAO - 渔业: landings; Publication: search | FishSource | 周边海洋

更多信息

Trophic ecology
食物相
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
捕食者
Ecology
生态学
Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
体长-频率
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances
Life cycle
繁殖
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
仔鱼
稚鱼动力学
Distribution
国家
FAO区域
生态系
标本纪录
简介
BRUVS - Videos
Anatomy
Gill areas
脑重体重比
Otoliths
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
游泳类型
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
鱼的声音
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
遗传学
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities
Human related
Aquaculture systems
水产养殖描述
品种
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
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俗名
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型态特徵
形态测量图
照片
References
参考文献

工具

特别资料

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网络资源

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | 核实 FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: , | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - 渔业: landings; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: 基因组, 核苷酸 | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | 公众的水族馆 | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | 参考资料的核实 | Socotra Atlas | 树状分类阶层 | Wikipedia: 转至, 搜寻 | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 动物学的记录

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 16.6 - 22.9, mean 21.2 °C (based on 30 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.6250   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00456 - 0.02002), b=3.06 (2.89 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层 (Ref. 69278):  3.6   ±0.43 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 6.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies.
回复力 (Ref. 120179):  非常低的, 最小族群倍增时间超过14 年 (tmax=53; tm=5; Fec=300,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate to high vulnerability (55 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Very high vulnerability (78 of 100).
价格分类 (Ref. 80766):   Very high.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 17.8 [8.7, 35.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.485 [0.267, 0.889] mg/100g; Protein = 19.5 [16.7, 21.7] %; Omega3 = 0.187 [0.109, 0.324] g/100g; Selenium = 19.1 [9.5, 37.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 36.7 [11.3, 141.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.684 [0.467, 1.110] mg/100g (wet weight);