Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري; محيطية (Ref. 51243); نطاق العمق 0 - 275 m (Ref. 54927), usually 50 - 275 m (Ref. 54927). Tropical; 46°N - 13°N, 105°E - 148°E
Northwest Pacific: southern Japan, Korean Peninsula to the East China Sea. Pacific Ocean off the coast of southeast Asia.
Length at first maturity / الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm 19.0, range 18 - 20 cm
Max length : 50.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 56557); common length : 35.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 56557); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 660.00 g (Ref. 40637); العمر: 12 سنين (Ref. 56557)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 9; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 30 - 35; شوكة شرجية: 3; أشعه شرجية لينه: 26 - 30; فقرات: 24. Species with no finlets and the entire lateral line with scutes (69-73) (Ref. 41299).
Adults occur on continental waters (Ref. 41299). Pelagic (Ref. 52947). Juveniles associate with drifting seaweed (Ref. 12114, 12115).
Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: ذو قيمة تاجرية عالية; الأستزراع المائي: تجاري
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 1.8 - 22, mean 13.8 °C (based on 75 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01072 (0.00875 - 0.01312), b=2.97 (2.94 - 3.00), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (K=0.14-0.38; tmax=6).
Prior r = 0.55, 95% CL = 0.36 - 0.82, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (34 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 386 [198, 652] mg/100g; Iron = 4.01 [2.35, 6.81] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [17.7, 19.4] %; Omega3 = 0.208 [0.126, 0.330] g/100g; Selenium = 50.3 [30.5, 90.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 28 [7, 124] μg/100g; Zinc = 3 [2, 4] mg/100g (wet weight);