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Scardinius erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Rudd
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Scardinius erythrophthalmus
Picture by Zienert, S.

Classificatie / Names Lokale namen | Synoniemen | Catalog of Fishes(Genus, Soort(en)) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Cypriniformes (Carps) > Leuciscidae (Minnows) > Leuciscinae
Etymology: Scardinius: A range of lofty mountains, Scardus, forming the boundary between Moesia and Macedonia;  erythrophthalmus: Name from Greek words scar=a kind of fish; din=terrible, whirling; erythro=red; phthalm=the eye (Ref. 79012).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

; zoet water; brak water benthopelagisch; pH range: 7.0 - 7.5; dH range: 10 - 15; potamodroom (Ref. 51243); diepte 0 - ? m. Temperate; 2°C - 22°C (Ref. 27368); 62°N - 36°N, 10°W - 70°E

Verspreiding Landen | FAO regio's | Ecosystemen | Voorkomen | Point map | Introducties | Faunafri

Eurasia: Most European rivers north of Pyrenees and Alps, eastward to Ural and Eya drainages, Aral and White Sea basins; Black Sea basin in Europe and northern Asia Minor. Naturally absent from Iberian Peninsula, Adriatic basin, Italy, Greece south of Pinios drainage, Great Britain north of 54 N, Ireland and Scandinavia north of 62° N (Ref. 59043). Definitely absent in Siberia. Reports from this area arose from the confusion between the rudd and the roach (Ref. 1441). Introduced to several countries. Several countries report adverse ecological impact after introduction (Ref. 1739).

Lengte bij maturiteit / Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: Lm 8.1  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 61.7 cm TL (female); common length : 20.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 556); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 0.00 g; max. gerapporteerde leeftijd: 19 Jaren (Ref. 27368)

Korte beschrijving Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie

Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 3; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 8 - 9; Anale stekels: 3; Anale zachte stralen: 8 - 12; Wervels: 36 - 39. Distinguished from its congeners in Europe by the following combination of characters: 39-42 scales along lateral line; anal fin with 10-13½ branched rays; 9-12 gill rakers; dorsal head profile straight or slightly convex, snout pointing forward, tip at or slightly above level of middle of eye; back not humped behind nape; eye bit close to dorsal head profile when viewed laterally; articulation of lower jaw in front of anterior margin of eye; head and body compressed, head width 13-14% SL; head length 24-28% SL; caudal peduncle depth 1.5-2.0 times in its length, 11-12% SL; and all fins with reddish hue, pelvic fin deep red (Ref. 59043). Caudal fin with 18-19 rays (Ref. 2196)

Biologie     Verklarende woordenlijst (bv. epibenthic)

Occurs mainly in nutrient-rich, well vegetated lowland rivers, backwaters, oxbows, ponds and lakes. Feeds mainly on plankton, terrestrial insects and plant material. Breeds on roots or submerged plants. Can adapt to unfavorable environmental condition (Ref. 59043). Colorless or pale yellow eggs are found attached to vegetation in shallow water (Ref. 41678). Consumed fresh (Ref. 30578). Threatened due to the introduction of other species (Ref. 26100).

Levenscyclus en paargedrag Maturities | Voortplanting | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven

Males gather at spawning grounds and drive ripe females, often with much splashing, into dense vegetation to spawn (Ref. 59043). Eggs are very sticky (Ref. 59043) and colorless or pale yellow which are found attached to vegetation in shallow water (Ref. 41678).

Hoofdreferentie Upload your references | Referenties | Coördinator | Medewerkers

Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof, 2007. Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)

  Niet bedreigd (LC) ; Date assessed: 01 January 2008

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

  Potential pest (Ref. 52336)





Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: van minder commercieel belang; Aquacultuur: commercieel; sportvis: ja; Aquarium: Commercieel; aas: usually
FAO - Aquaculture systems: productie; visserij: aanvoer; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Estimates based on models

Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5010   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00776 (0.00711 - 0.00847), b=3.16 (3.14 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278):  2.9   ±0.39 se; based on food items.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179):  laag, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 4,5-14 jaar (K=0.09-0.18; tm=3-4; tmax=19).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High to very high vulnerability (69 of 100).
Prijsklasse (Ref. 80766):   Unknown.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 56.1 [27.8, 99.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.484 [0.247, 0.976] mg/100g; Protein = 18 [16, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.606 [0.301, 1.230] g/100g; Selenium = 11.5 [5.7, 22.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 26.1 [9.6, 75.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.65 [0.38, 1.47] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.