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> Batrachoidiformes (Toadfishes) > Batrachoididae (Toadfishes) > Thalassophryninae
Etymology: Thalassophryne: Greek, thalassa = the sea + Greek , phryne = toad (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Dr Johann Natterer (1787–1843) was an Austrian naturalist and collector. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Steindachner.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

marina; brackvatten bottenlevande; djupintervall ? - 60 m (Ref. 13608). Tropical

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Western Atlantic: Tobago to São Paulo, Brazil (Ref. 57756).

Size / Vikt / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 21.3 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 122735); publicerad maxvikt: 230.80 g (Ref. 122735)

Short description Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri

Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 2; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 20 - 29; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 0; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 19. All fin membranes brownish proximally, blackish from medial to distally, white extremely; body dark brown; diffuse black saddle-shaped blotches on body, 1 on orbital region and dorsal spine area, 3 on soft dorsal; no black spot except for base of dorsal and opercular spines (Ref. 13608).

Numerous in the estuarine areas of the Brazilian coast; stays motionless in the sandy or muddy bottoms; the venom is injected in the flesh of the victim when pressure is applied on the gland (Ref. 55461).

Life cycle and mating behavior Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fecundity | Larver

Main reference Upload your references | referenser | Koordinator : Collette, Bruce B. | Medarbetare

Collette, B.B., 1966. A review of the venomous toadfishes, subfamily Thalassophryninae. Copeia 1966(4):846-864. (Ref. 30721)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 21 August 2012

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Venomous (Ref. 30721)

Human uses

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

Ytterligare information

Trophic ecology
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 25.6 - 28, mean 27.3 °C (based on 264 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00490 (0.00189 - 0.01269), b=3.15 (2.92 - 3.38), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278): 3.6 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Resiliens (Ref. 120179): Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (11 of 100).

Thalassophryne nattereri Steindachner, 1876