Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
; air tawar bentopelagis; pH range: 6.8 - 7.8; dH range: 5 - 20; potamodromous (Ref. 51243). Subtropical; 20°C - 24°C (Ref. 2060)
South America: Paraná and São Francisco River basins.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm 15.8  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 51.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 79585); common length : 36.0 cm SL jantan/; (Ref. 26147); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 2.4 kg (Ref. 79585)
Occurs in ponds (Ref. 11229). Omnivorous (Ref. 79585).
Burgess, W.E., 1989. An atlas of freshwater and marine catfishes. A preliminary survey of the Siluriformes. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey (USA). 784 p. (Ref. 6868)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial; Budidaya air: komersial
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00780 - 0.01169), b=3.09 (3.04 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 2.9 ±0.35 se; based on food items.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 43.7 [16.0, 116.5] mg/100g; Iron = 1.18 [0.57, 2.30] mg/100g; Protein = 17.5 [15.4, 19.4] %; Omega3 = 0.624 [0.240, 1.695] g/100g; Selenium = 36.5 [15.2, 79.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 27.6 [9.5, 72.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.18 [0.78, 1.69] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.