Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
; المياه العذبة قاعية التغذية و المعيشة; pH range: 6.8 - 7.8; dH range: 5 - 20; سمكة نهرية (Ref. 51243). Subtropical; 20°C - 24°C (Ref. 2060)
South America: Paraná and São Francisco River basins.
Length at first maturity / الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm 15.8  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 51.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 79585); common length : 36.0 cm SL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 26147); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 2.4 kg (Ref. 79585)
Occurs in ponds (Ref. 11229). Omnivorous (Ref. 79585).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | التكاثر | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Burgess, W.E., 1989. An atlas of freshwater and marine catfishes. A preliminary survey of the Siluriformes. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey (USA). 784 p. (Ref. 6868)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري; الأستزراع المائي: تجاري
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00955 (0.00780 - 0.01169), b=3.09 (3.04 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 2.9 ±0.35 se; based on food items.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 43.7 [16.0, 116.5] mg/100g; Iron = 1.18 [0.57, 2.30] mg/100g; Protein = 17.5 [15.4, 19.4] %; Omega3 = 0.624 [0.240, 1.695] g/100g; Selenium = 36.5 [15.2, 79.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 27.6 [9.5, 72.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.18 [0.78, 1.69] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.