分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Salmoniformes (Salmons) >
Salmonidae (Salmonids) > Coregoninae
Etymology: Coregonus: Greek, kore = pupils of the eye + Greek, gonia = angle (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; pH range: 7.0 - 7.5; dH range: 20 - ?; 溯河洄游 (Ref. 51243). 溫帶; 4°C - 16°C (Ref. 2059); 78°N - 41°N, 6°W - 85°E
Europe: Native to Lake Bourget (France) and Geneva (Switzerland, France). Population of Lake Aiguebelette (France) apparently introduced, but a 'lavaret' had already been recorded from there in the 17th century (Ref. 59043). Other authors assume it to be a superspecies occurring in Great Britain and Alpine areas of Central Europe. Has been stocked into many other places in Europe outside its native range. There are many parallel and wrong scientific names for this species in use because of the problems in classifying the genus Coregonus (Ref. 7495). Asia: introduced to Iran (Ref. 39702).
歐洲: 名稱的用法在來自這區域的新模式的指定的河羅恩河流域侷限於湖 Geneve(現在滅絕的) ， Bourget 與 Aiguebelette了。 (參考文獻 13696) 其他的作家呈現是被出現在英國與中歐洲的高山區域的 superspecies 的它。 曾經進入在歐洲的許多其他的地方之內在它的原產地的外邊進貨。 在使用中對於這個魚種有許多平行與錯誤的科學名稱由於在分類本屬 Coregonus 方面的問題.(參考文獻 7495) 伯恩公約的附錄 3(受保育的動物群). 亞洲: 引進了伊朗。 (參考文獻 39702)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 27.1, range 40 - ? cm
Max length : 73.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 40637); 最大体重: 10.0 kg (Ref. 35388)
背棘 (总数) : 3 - 5; 背的软条 (总数) : 9 - 12; 臀棘: 3 - 5; 臀鳍软条: 10 - 13. Mouth small with protruding upper jaw. Silvery body (Ref. 35388). Caudal fin with 19 soft rays (Ref. 40476).
嘴小且有凸出上颌。 银色的身体.(参考文献 35388) 尾鳍有 19个软鳍条。 (参考文献 40476)
Gregarious lacustrine forms (Ref. 2163) and anadromous estuarine forms, rarely in full saltwater. Feeds on planktonic crustaceans, or larger benthic crustaceans in brackish water. Movement in water column as a function of zooplankton repartition (Ref. 2163). Spawns in gravel, near shore, in shallow water, in December (Ref. 59043). Likely to benefit from environmental regulations in France passed on 8/12/88 (Ref. 2163).
群居的湖泊造型 (参考文献 2163) 与溯河洄游产卵河口造型, 极少在充满的盐水。 吃浮游性甲壳动物 , 否则在半淡咸水的比较大的底栖甲壳动物。 在水团的运动作为一个浮游动物分配的功能。 或许在法国受益于环境规章通过 8/12/88之上.(参考文献 2163)
Spawning takes place at night. 歐洲: 名稱的用法在來自這區域的新模式的指定的河羅恩河流域侷限於湖 Geneve(現在滅絕的) ， Bourget 與 Aiguebelette了。 (參考文獻 13696) 其他的作家呈現是被出現在英國與中歐洲的高山區域的 superspecies 的它。 曾經進入在歐洲的許多其他的地方之內在它的原產地的外邊進貨。 在使用中對於這個魚種有許多平行與錯誤的科學名稱由於在分類本屬 Coregonus 方面的問題.(參考文獻 7495) 伯恩公約的附錄 3(受保育的動物群). 亞洲: 引進了伊朗。 (參考文獻 39702)
Wheeler, A., 1992. A list of the common and scientific names of fishes of the British Isles. J. Fish Biol. 41(suppl.A):1-37. (Ref. 5204)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 养殖: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 5.8 - 12.5, mean 9.5 °C (based on 528 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00377 - 0.00529), b=3.20 (3.16 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.3-0.7; tmax=8; Fecundity=3,800 - 169,800).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (72 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 20.4 [11.3, 32.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.335 [0.226, 0.476] mg/100g; Protein = 18.4 [17.4, 19.4] %; Omega3 = 1.06 [0.46, 2.79] g/100g; Selenium = 17.1 [8.9, 38.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.28 [2.85, 14.43] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.552 [0.447, 0.674] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
