分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Lutjanidae (Snappers)
笛鯛科 (Snappers) > Paradicichthyinae
Etymology: Symphorus: Greek, syn, symphysis = grown together + Greek, physis = growth body form + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bleeker.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 20 - 100 m (Ref. 57178). 熱帶; 32°N - 26°S, 98°E - 170°E (Ref. 55)
Western Pacific: Ryukyu Islands to the Indo-Australian Archipelago (Malay Peninsula to New Guinea and northern Australia).
西太平洋: 琉球群島到印澳群島 (馬來半島到新幾內亞與澳洲北部).
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9821); common length : 35.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9821); 最大體重: 13.2 kg (Ref. 40637)
背棘 (總數) : 10; 背的軟條 (總數) : 15 - 16; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 9.
頭部輪廓陡峭的。 比眼較寬的眶前骨。 在眼與鼻孔之間的一個深溝。 前鰓蓋骨凹槽與癤瘤不存在。 嘴眼的大的延伸至中央下面。 前面的背鰭軟條延伸成細絲當幼魚時。 胸鰭長的被達到的肛門高度。 鱗片列背面平行於側線。 稚魚微白色的沿著身體的下半部從下方眼水平。 在淡黃色的側邊上幼魚有淡藍色斑紋; 褐色背面。 成魚土黃色到淡紅的。 有時顯示模糊的垂直條紋。 很多的藍色線沿著鱗片-列那是明亮的在亞成魚中.(參考文獻 48635)
Adults inhabit coral reefs, from shallow water to depths of at least 50 m. They occur singly. They feed mainly on fishes. Frequently ciguatoxic in certain areas. Sold in Hong Kong live fish markets (Ref. 27253). It causes ciguatera poisoning in some areas. Banned for sale in Australia. (Ref. 90102)
棲息於珊瑚礁, 從淺水區到深度至少 50 公尺。 各別地生存。 主要吃魚。 在特定的區域中經常有西加毒。 在香港活魚販售。 (參考文獻 27253)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
西太平洋: 琉球群島到印澳群島 (馬來半島到新幾內亞與澳洲北部).
Allen, G.R., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.2 - 28.4, mean 27.4 °C (based on 477 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01202 (0.00475 - 0.03046), b=3.03 (2.81 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 4.8 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.23).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (49 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 24 [14, 41] mg/100g; Iron = 0.517 [0.276, 0.828] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [17.3, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.135 [0.089, 0.205] g/100g; Selenium = 44.5 [27.0, 78.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 79.2 [29.1, 240.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.725 [0.518, 1.013] mg/100g (wet weight);
