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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sparidae (Porgies)
Etymology: Boops: Greek, βόωψ = cow; Greek 'ops' = appearance, 1854 (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Umwelt: Milieu / Klimazone / Tiefenbereich / Verbreitungsgebiet
Ökologie
seewasser demersal; ozeanodrom (Ref. 51243); tiefenbereich 0 - 350 m (Ref. 26999), usually 0 - 100 m (Ref. 26999). Subtropical; 63°N - 16°S, 30°W - 42°E (Ref. 54286)
Eastern Atlantic: Norway to Angola, including the Canary Islands, Cape Verde, and the Sao Tome-Principe Islands. Common from Bay of Biscay to Gibraltar (Ref. 4781). Also found in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea.
Länge bei der ersten Reifung / Größe / Gewicht / Alter
Geschlechtsreife: Lm 13.6  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 115876); common length : 20.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 3397); max. veröff. Gewicht: 455.00 g (Ref. 115876); max. veröff. Alter: 11 Jahre (Ref. 58974)
Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt) : 13 - 15; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt) : 12 - 16; Afterflossenstacheln: 3; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 14 - 16. Body slender, with 3 - 5 weak, golden longitudinal stripes and a black spot at the pectoral fin base (Ref. 35388).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Found on the shelf or coastal pelagic on various bottoms (sand, mud, rocks and seaweeds). Gregarious, ascending to the surface mainly at night. Omnivorous, feeding mainly on crustaceans, also planktophagous. Hermaphroditic, generally protogynous. Also caught in pelagic trawls (Ref. 9987). Utilized fresh and frozen; consumed pan-fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9987).
Conflicting descriptions of the reproductive style of this species have been reported, Ref. 34225 describe this species as being a gonochorist (Ref. 28504). Also Ref. 32206, 103751.
Bauchot, M.-L. and J.-C. Hureau, 1990. Sparidae. p. 790-812. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3688)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Bedrohung für Menschen
Harmless
Nutzung durch Menschen
Fischereien: hoch kommerziell; Sportfisch: ja; Köder: usually
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Schätzungen auf der Grundlage von Modellen
Bevorzugte Temperatur (Ref.
123201): 11.7 - 27.7, mean 17.8 °C (based on 912 cells).
Phylogenetischer Diversitätsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00977 (0.00898 - 0.01064), b=3.01 (2.99 - 3.03), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophische Ebene (Ref.
69278): 2.8 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 5.0 (4.5 - 6.1) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 28
growth studies.
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref.
120179): mittel, Verdopplung der Population dauert 1,4 - 4,4 Jahre. (K=0.16-0.4; tm=1-2; Fec=395,000).
Prior r = 0.59, 95% CL = 0.39 - 0.88, Based on 3 full stock assessments.
Anfälligkeit der Fischerei (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).
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Klimaanfälligkeit (Ref.
125649): Low vulnerability (6 of 100).
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Nährstoffe (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 76 [25, 186] mg/100g; Iron = 4.98 [1.39, 12.01] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [17.1, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.382 [0.240, 0.638] g/100g; Selenium = 31.9 [14.2, 70.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 19.7 [5.2, 70.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 3.26 [0.90, 6.11] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.