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Eastern Atlantic: Norway to Angola, including the Canary Islands, Cape Verde, and the Sao Tome-Principe Islands. Common from Bay of Biscay to Gibraltar (Ref. 4781). Also found in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. 東大西洋: 挪威到安哥拉, 包括加納利群島，維德角, 與聖多美-普林西比島的島。 普遍的從比斯開灣到直布羅陀.(參考文獻 4781) 也發現於地中海與黑海。
初熟時的長度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm13.6 range ? - ? cm Max length : 40.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 115876); common length : 20.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3397); 最大體重: 455.00 g (Ref. 115876); 最大年齡: 11 年 (Ref. 58974)
背棘 (總數) : 13 - 15; 背的軟條 (總數) : 12 - 16; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 14 - 16. Body slender, with 3 - 5 weak, golden longitudinal stripes and a black spot at the pectoral fin base (Ref. 35388). Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal. 身體細長的, 有三個 - 在胸鰭基底的 5條弱的, 金的縱向斑紋與一個黑色的斑點.(參考文獻 35388)
Found on the shelf or coastal pelagic on various bottoms (sand, mud, rocks and seaweeds). Gregarious, ascending to the surface mainly at night. Omnivorous, feeding mainly on crustaceans, also planktophagous. Hermaphroditic, generally protogynous. Also caught in pelagic trawls (Ref. 9987). Utilized fresh and frozen; consumed pan-fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9987).
Conflicting descriptions of the reproductive style of this species have been reported, Ref. 34225 describe this species as being a gonochorist (Ref. 28504). Also Ref. 32206, 103751.東大西洋: 挪威到安哥拉, 包括加納利群島，維德角, 與聖多美-普林西比島的島。 普遍的從比斯開灣到直布羅陀.(參考文獻 4781) 也發現於地中海與黑海。
Bauchot, M.-L. and J.-C. Hureau, 1990. Sparidae. p. 790-812. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3688)
