分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Gadiformes (Cods)
鱈形目 (Cods) >
Merlucciidae (Merluccid hakes)
無鬚鱈科 (Merluccid hakes)
Etymology: Merluccius: Latin, mar, maris = the sea + Latin, lucius = pike (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 深海底的; 非遷移的; 深度上下限 200 - 1000 m (Ref. 6605), usually 400 - ? m (Ref. 58452). 深水域; 17°S - 38°S, 10°E - 48°E (Ref. 58452)
Southeast Atlantic: Cape Frio, Namibia south to the Agulhas Bank and east to East London in South Africa. Western Indian Ocean: Madagascar Ridge (33°S,44°E).
東南大西洋: 那米比亞的 Frio 岬南至阿古拉斯淺堆而且東至在南非的東倫敦。 西印度洋: 馬達加斯加脊.(33個 °S,44 ° E)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 47.8 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 115 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 27121); common length : 60.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 1371)
簡短描述
檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背棘 (總數) : 1; 背的軟條 (總數) : 42 - 50; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 38 - 41. Body more slender than other hakes. Head large, about 25 to 30% of SL. Gill rakers short and thick with blunt tips. Pectoral fin tips reaching to level of anal fin origin. Color is steel gray on back, grading to silvery white ventrally.
身體更細長的超過其他的鱈魚。 頭部大的, 大約 25 到 30% SL。 鰓耙短與厚的與鈍的頂端。 胸鰭頂端延伸到臀鰭起源的程度。 色彩是鐵灰色的背面, 漸層色到腹面銀白色的。
Found near the bottom. Feeds on fishes, mysids, euphausiids and squids. Young feed mainly on euphausiids, but the diet becomes polyphagous with growth. Cannibalism has been observed in larger individuals (Ref. 9583).
發現於靠近底部了。 吃魚，糠蝦，磷蝦與烏賊。 幼魚主要吃磷蝦，但是食性隨著成長變成多食症。 嗜食同類已經在較大的個體被觀察。 (參考文獻 9583)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
東南大西洋: 那米比亞的 Frio 岬南至阿古拉斯淺堆而且東至在南非的東倫敦。 西印度洋: 馬達加斯加脊.(33個 °S,44 ° E)
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
人類使用
漁業: 高經濟性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 6.2 - 12, mean 7.5 °C (based on 17 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00525 (0.00348 - 0.00791), b=3.09 (2.96 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.9 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.09-0.12).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (65 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (55 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 7.36 [3.59, 25.05] mg/100g; Iron = 0.274 [0.058, 0.735] mg/100g; Protein = 17.3 [16.1, 18.5] %; Omega3 = 0.146 [0.078, 0.273] g/100g; Selenium = 28 [13, 66] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.7 [2.4, 55.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.186 [0.127, 0.288] mg/100g (wet weight);
