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Hippocampus hippocampus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Short snouted seahorse
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
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Hippocampus hippocampus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Classification / Names Tên thường gặp | Các synonym ( Các tên trùng) | Catalog of Fishes(Giống, Các loài) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Syngnathiformes (Pipefishes and seahorses) > Syngnathidae (Pipefishes and seahorses) > Syngnathinae
Etymology: Hippocampus: Greek, ippos = horse + Greek,kampe = curvature (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Sinh thái học

Biển gần đáy; không di cư; Mức độ sâu 0 - 60 m (Ref. 52034). Subtropical; 53°N - 7°N, 32°W - 42°E

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Eastern Atlantic: British Isles to Guinea and the Mediterranean Sea

Length at first maturity / Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age

Maturity: Lm 7.7  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 15.0 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 6733)

Short description Khóa để định loại | Hình thái học | Sinh trắc học

Các tia vây lưng cứng (tổng cộng) : 0; Các vây lưng mềm (tổng cộng) : 16 - 19. Description (based on 35 specimens): Adult height: 7.0-13.0cm. Rings: 11 + 37 (35-38). Snout length: 3.0 (2.8-3.4) in head length. Dorsal fin rays: 17 (16-19) covering 2+1 rings. Pectoral fin rays: 14 (13-15). Coronet: narrow, ridge-like and joined smoothly to nape of neck, or wedge-shaped (front narrow, back high and broad); some specimens with very large angular coronet (especially specimens from West Africa). Spines: low, very low in adults. Other distinctive characters: very short snout (usually less than 1/3 head length) that is slightly upward-bent; prominent eye spine. Color pattern: mottled brown to yellow, to maroon and rust (Refs. 52034, 89230); also orange, purple or black; sometimes with tiny white dots, but these do not coalesce into thick horizontal wavy lines as in H. guttulatus.

Sinh học     Tự điển (thí dụ epibenthic)

Inhabits dense, complex habitats as well as patchy, relatively open and sparse habitats of coastal areas. Found on soft bottoms amongst rocks and algae (Ref. 6733), on sparsely vegetated areas, and in coastal lagoons with strong oceanic influences (Refs. 52034, 89230). Mimics the green or yellow coloration of plants allowing it to hide among the vegetation. This ability likely plays a role in seahorse feeding strategy and in predator avoidance (Ref. 52034). Makes limited daily movements within very restricted home ranges (0.7-18.1 m2) (Refs. 52034, 89256). May over-winter in deeper water. (Ref. 53712). Adult dispersal over large distances is probably caused by strong wave action during storms or when it anchors itself to floating debris (Ref. 52034). Is thought to live for 3-5 years (Ref. 52034). Because of its short generation time and multiple breeding cycles during each spawning season, resilience is thought to be high. However, in tropical areas where seagrass beds are regularly exploited for other species of seahorses for the aquarium trade, traditional medicine, etc., populations have been quickly eradicated (Ref. 89253). Feeds on small prey and organic debris. Has been reared in captivity (Ref. 35416). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 128812.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Sự tái sinh sản | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Ấu trùng

Ovoviviparous, with the female depositing eggs into the male brood pouch. During the mating season, mature males and females have been observed to change hue, i.e., become brighter, when greeting, courting, or mating (Ref. 88171). Newly hatched young are thought to have a planktonic stage that lasts at least eight weeks (Refs. 47822, 52034).

Main reference Upload your references | Các tài liệu tham khảo | Người điều phối | Người cộng tác

Lourie, S.A., R.A. Pollom and S.J. Foster, 2016. A global revision of the seahorses Hippocampus Rafinesque 1810 (Actinopterygii: Syngnathiformes): taxonomy and biogeography with recommendations for further research. Zootaxa 4146(1):1-66. (Ref. 115213)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Data deficient (DD) ; Date assessed: 15 March 2017

CITES


CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





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Trophic ecology
Các loại thức ăn
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Các động vật ăn mồi
Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances
Life cycle
Sự tái sinh sản
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
Ấu trùng
Sự biến động ấu trùng
Anatomy
Gill areas
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Otoliths
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Dạng bơi
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Visual pigment(s)
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Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
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Các nguồn internet

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Giống, Các loài | DiscoverLife | DORIS | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Các cơ sở dữ liệu quốc gia | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | Bể cá công cộng | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Cây Đời sống | Wikipedia: Go, tìm | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Tạp chí Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 10.9 - 26.5, mean 17.8 °C (based on 304 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00282 (0.00163 - 0.00487), b=2.96 (2.80 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
Mức dinh dưỡng (Ref. 69278):  3.2   ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 1.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies.
Thích nghi nhanh (Ref. 120179):  Chiêù cao, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là dưới 15 tháng (tm=0.3-0.4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (15 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Unknown.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 191 [40, 725] mg/100g; Iron = 2.42 [0.86, 8.49] mg/100g; Protein = 3.35 [0.00, 7.22] %; Omega3 = 0.283 [0.105, 0.775] g/100g; Selenium = 31.1 [6.5, 111.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 5.88 [1.39, 24.14] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.46 [0.69, 2.95] mg/100g (wet weight);