分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sparidae (Porgies)
鯛科 (Porgies)
Etymology: Diplodus: Greek, diploos = twice + Greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Issue
This subspecies is reported to have no genetic difference between the subspecies Diplodus sargus cadenati. See V.S. Domingues et al. 2007. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 346 (2007):102-113 (F. M. Porteiro, pers.comm. 02/08). Presence in Canary Is. to be reviewed since D. bellottii and D. cadenati are recognized as valid species, not any more as subspecies of D. sargus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 50 m (Ref. 12460), usually 0 - 50 m (Ref. 13780). 亞熱帶的; 48°N - 36°S, 29°W - 42°E
Northeastern Atlantic from Brittany (France) to Gibraltar, and Madeira I.; Mediterranean Sea and southwestern Black Sea.
東大西洋: 比斯開灣與地中海到南非。 沙重牙鯛〔Diplodus sargus sargus〕 出現於地中海與黑海中。 (參考文獻 3397)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ?, range 25 - ? cm
Max length : 45.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3397); common length : 22.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3397); 最大體重: 1.9 kg (Ref. 40637); 最大年齡: 10 年 (Ref. 26328)
背棘 (總數) : 11 - 12; 背的軟條 (總數) : 12 - 15; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 11 - 14. Body with 5 black and 4 grey vertical bands. Snout is longer than the eye diameter (Ref. 35388).
身體有 5 黑色與 4條灰色的垂直條紋。 吻是長度超過眼直徑。 (參考文獻 35388)
Inhabits coastal rocky reef areas (Ref. 12460) and Posidonia oceanica beds. Like other sparids, it is very active and frequents the surf zone, primarily at dawn (Ref. 13780). Feeds on shellfish and other benthic invertebrates which it picks from the sediment (Ref. 5377).
棲息於海岸的岩石礁區 (參考文獻 12460) 與 Posidonia oceanica 床。 像其他的鯛科魚類, 它非常活躍而且常常聚集於海浪區, 主要地在破曉.(參考文獻 13780) 吃貝與其他的底棲無脊椎動物它剔啄從沉澱物.(參考文獻 5377)
Sexes separate or protandrous (Ref. 4781). In some areas, this species occurs as a digynic hermaphrodite, that is, males and females developing from intermediate juveniles (Ref. 52202). However, protandry with possible digyny was later confirmed (Ref. 103751). Reaches sexual maturity at 2 years, with an approximate size of 17 cm. Spawning happens from January to March. Egg size 0.8-0.9 mm; larval length at hatching 2.6 mm. Also Ref. 28504.東大西洋: 比斯開灣與地中海到南非。 沙重牙鯛〔Diplodus sargus sargus〕 出現於地中海與黑海中。 (參考文獻 3397)
Bauchot, M.-L., 1987. Poissons osseux. p. 891-1421. In W. Fischer, M.L. Bauchot and M. Schneider (eds.) Fiches FAO d'identification pour les besoins de la pêche. (rev. 1). Méditerranée et mer Noire. Zone de pêche 37. Vol. II. Commission des Communautés Européennes and FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3397)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 養殖: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 15 - 24.1, mean 18.8 °C (based on 400 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01175 (0.01050 - 0.01315), b=3.04 (3.01 - 3.07), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.11-0.25; tmax=10; tm=2).
Prior r = 0.54, 95% CL = 0.35 - 0.80, Based on 5 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (57 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low to moderate vulnerability (26 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 74.5 [38.6, 152.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.993 [0.559, 1.844] mg/100g; Protein = 19.7 [18.8, 20.6] %; Omega3 = 0.35 [0.20, 0.60] g/100g; Selenium = 20.9 [9.8, 39.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15 [5, 42] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.01 [0.69, 1.43] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
