Klassifizierung / Names Namen | Synonyme | Catalog of Fishes(Gattung, Arten) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii (Haie und Rochen) (sharks and rays) > Torpediniformes (Electric rays) > Narkidae (Sleeper rays)
Etymology: Narke: Greek, narke = numbness (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Temminck & Schlegel.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ökologie

seewasser riff-verbunden; tiefenbereich 100 - ? m (Ref. 114953). Subtropical; 37°N - 20°N, 114°E - 139°E (Ref. 114953)

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Northwest Pacific: southern Japan to the South China Sea near Hong Kong, including Taiwan.

Length at first maturity / Size / Gewicht / Alter

Maturity: L_m ?, range 35 - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 12951)

Occurs inshore and offshore (Ref. 9913, 11230). Found on sand, often near rocky reefs (Ref. 12951). Biology little known (Ref. 9913), but locally common in Taiwan and Japan (Ref. 114953). Produces 4-6 pups per litter. Maturity size of males known at 25 cm TL. Not utilized for food. Capable of producing a moderate shock to humans (Ref. 114953). Does not do well in aquariums (Ref. 12951).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Fortpflanzung | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven

Ovoviviparous. Up to 5 in a litter (Ref. 12951).

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Compagno, L.J.V. and P.R. Last, 1999. Narkidae. Sleeper rays. p. 1443-1446. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9913)

IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)

gefährdet, siehe IUCN Red List (VU) (A2cd); Date assessed: 17 May 2021

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Bedrohung für Menschen

Other (Ref. 10011)

Nutzung durch Menschen

Fischereien: weniger kommerziell

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 18.5 - 28.9, mean 26.8 °C (based on 559 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.6252 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00244 - 0.04107), b=3.04 (2.81 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.

Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 120179): niedrig, Verdopplung der Population dauert 4,5 - 14 Jahre. (Assuming fecundity<100).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).

Preiskategorie (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Narke japonica (Temminck & Schlegel, 1850)