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Teleostei >
Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Spratelloididae (Small round herrings)
Etymology: Spratelloides: Old German, sprotte (1611) = a small fish, Clupea sp. + Greek, suffix, oides = similar to (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bennett.
Taxonomic Remarks
The species in the genera Spratelloides Bleeker, 1851 and Jenkinsia Jordan & Evermann, 1896 should most probably be assigned to a separated family from Clupeidae and Dussumieriidae (Lavoué, pers. comm., July 2013). See a preliminary analysis in Lavoué et al. (2013: Ref. 93878).
环境:氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 0 - 50 m (Ref. 188). 熱帶; 40°N - 29°S, 29°E - 143°W (Ref. 188)
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to the Society Islands (but not the Tuamoto and Marquesas islands), north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia. Single specimen from eastern Mediterranean (Tel-Aviv, Israel).
印度-太平洋: 紅海而且東非到社會群島 (但是不是 Tuamoto 與馬貴斯群島), 北至日本南部, 南至澳洲北部。 來自地中海東部 (以色列的臺拉維夫) 的單一標本.
首次成熟时的长度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm ?, range 4 - ? cm
Max length : 17.8 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 137577)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 11 - 13; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 10 - 11. No bright silver along band flanks, maxilla toothless; pre-maxillae triangular, 2 supra-maxillae, second supra-maxilla paddle-shaped and symmetrical; vertical striate on scales meeting at center, posterior margin of scales smooth, pre-dorsal scales 8 to 13; W-shaped pelvic scute, few branchiostegal rays (6 or 7).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
没有亮银色沿着条纹侧面,颚骨无齿的; 前颚三角形的,2个上颚, 第二个上颚骨桨状的与对称的; 在鳞片上的垂直的陷纹在中心碰到, 鳞片的后缘平滑的, 前背部的鳞片 8 到 13; W 形的腹鳍鳞甲, 少数鳃条骨.(6 或 7)
Pelagic (Ref. 68964). Usually an inshore schooling species, inhabiting relatively clear coastal waters, lagoons, and along reef margins. Feeds near surface on plankton. Found in large schools (Ref. 9710). Pelagic (Ref. 58302). Marketed fresh or dried-salted (Ref. 5213) and used as tuna baitfish.
通常一个近海群游性种, 居住于相当清澈的沿岸水域,泻湖, 而且沿着礁区边缘。 在水表捕食浮游生物。 发现于大群鱼群了。 (参考文献 9710) 在市场上销售生鲜鱼肉或乾燥盐腌 (参考文献 5213) 而且使用如鲔鱼诱饵鱼。
Oviparous (Ref. 205).印度-太平洋: 紅海而且東非到社會群島 (但是不是 Tuamoto 與馬貴斯群島), 北至日本南部, 南至澳洲北部。 來自地中海東部 (以色列的臺拉維夫) 的單一標本.
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 诱饵: usually
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特别资料
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基于模型的估算
首选温度 (参考文献
123201): 24.7 - 29.1, mean 28.1 °C (based on 1228 cells).
系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献
82804): PD
50 = 0.5664 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00479 (0.00289 - 0.00793), b=3.17 (3.03 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (参考文献
69278): 3.1 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 0.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回复力 (参考文献
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (K=2.7-12.2; Fec=524; tm=0.14).
渔业脆弱性 (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (11 of 100).
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营养素 (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 347 [102, 2,847] mg/100g; Iron = 4.79 [1.15, 18.89] mg/100g; Protein = 19.7 [16.9, 22.4] %; Omega3 = 0.179 [0.029, 1.111] g/100g; Selenium = 223 [24, 1,690] μg/100g; VitaminA = 19 [2, 208] μg/100g; Zinc = 6.8 [2.2, 18.3] mg/100g (wet weight);