分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Spratelloididae (Small round herrings)
Etymology: Spratelloides: Old German, sprotte (1611) = a small fish, Clupea sp. + Greek, suffix, oides = similar to (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bennett.
Issue
The species in the genera Spratelloides Bleeker, 1851 and Jenkinsia Jordan & Evermann, 1896 should most probably be assigned to a separated family from Clupeidae and Dussumieriidae (Lavoué, pers. comm., July 2013). See a preliminary analysis in Lavoué et al. (2013: Ref. 93878).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 0 - 50 m (Ref. 188). 熱帶; 40°N - 29°S, 29°E - 143°W (Ref. 188)
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to the Society Islands (but not the Tuamoto and Marquesas islands), north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia. Single specimen from eastern Mediterranean (Tel-Aviv, Israel).
印度-太平洋: 紅海而且東非到社會群島 (但是不是 Tuamoto 與馬貴斯群島), 北至日本南部, 南至澳洲北部。 來自地中海東部 (以色列的臺拉維夫) 的單一標本.
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ?, range 4 - ? cm
Max length : 7.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 188)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 11 - 13; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 10 - 11. No bright silver along band flanks, maxilla toothless; pre-maxillae triangular, 2 supra-maxillae, second supra-maxilla paddle-shaped and symmetrical; vertical striate on scales meeting at center, posterior margin of scales smooth, pre-dorsal scales 8 to 13; W-shaped pelvic scute, few branchiostegal rays (6 or 7).
沒有亮銀色沿著條紋側面，顎骨無齒的; 前顎三角形的,2個上顎, 第二個上顎骨槳狀的與對稱的; 在鱗片上的垂直的陷紋在中心碰到, 鱗片的後緣平滑的, 前背部的鱗片 8 到 13; W 形的腹鰭鱗甲, 少數鰓條骨.(6 或 7)
Pelagic (Ref. 68964). Usually an inshore schooling species, inhabiting relatively clear coastal waters, lagoons, and along reef margins. Feeds near surface on plankton. Found in large schools (Ref. 9710). Pelagic (Ref. 58302). Marketed fresh or dried-salted (Ref. 5213) and used as tuna baitfish.
通常一個近海群游性種, 居住於相當清澈的沿岸水域，潟湖, 而且沿著礁區邊緣。 在水表捕食浮游生物。 發現於大群魚群.。 (參考文獻 9710) 大洋性.(參考文獻 58302) 在市場上銷售生鮮魚肉或乾燥鹽醃 (參考文獻 5213) 而且使用如鮪魚誘餌魚。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Oviparous (Ref. 205).印度-太平洋: 紅海而且東非到社會群島 (但是不是 Tuamoto 與馬貴斯群島), 北至日本南部, 南至澳洲北部。 來自地中海東部 (以色列的臺拉維夫) 的單一標本.
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 28 February 2017
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 誘餌: usually
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.7 - 29.1, mean 28.1 °C (based on 1228 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00479 (0.00290 - 0.00790), b=3.17 (3.03 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 0.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (K=2.7-12.2; Fec=524; tm=0.14).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 347 [102, 2,847] mg/100g; Iron = 4.79 [1.15, 18.89] mg/100g; Protein = 19.7 [16.9, 22.4] %; Omega3 = 0.179 [0.029, 1.111] g/100g; Selenium = 223 [24, 1,690] μg/100g; VitaminA = 19 [2, 208] μg/100g; Zinc = 6.8 [2.2, 18.3] mg/100g (wet weight);
