Классификация / Names народные названия | синонимы | Catalog of Fishes(род, виды) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies) > Cichlidae (Cichlids) > Pseudocrenilabrinae
Etymology: Sarotherodon: Greek, saros, -ou = sawdust + Greek, ther = animal * Greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Rüppell.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range экология

морской; пресноводный; солоноватоводный демерсальный; pH range: 7.0 - 8.0; dH range: 9 - 19; пределы глубины 0 - 3 m (Ref. 5723). Tropical; 27°N - 14°S, 18°W - 31°E

распространение страны | регионы FAO | Ecosystems | места находок | Point map | интродукции | Faunafri

Africa: Lagoons and estuaries from Mauritania to Cameroon. Introduced to several countries in Asia, USA and Europe (Ref. 21). At least one country reports adverse ecological impact after introduction. Previously, three subspecies were recognized: Sarotherodon melanotheron heudelotii, Sarotherodon melanotheron leonensis and Sarotherodon melanotheron melanotheron.

Length at first maturity / Size / Вес / Возраст

Maturity: L_m 12.1, range 13 - ? cm
Max length : 28.0 cm SL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 31256); common length : 17.5 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 12193)

Краткое описание определительные ключи | морфология | морфометрия

колючие лучи спинного плавника (общее число) : 15 - 17; членистые (мягкие) лучи спинного плавника (общее число) : 10 - 12; колючие лучи анального плавника: 3; членистые (мягкие) лучи анального плавника: 8 - 10; позвонки: 26 - 28. Diagnosis: length of caudal peduncle 0.6-0.9 times in its depth (Ref. 53405). Melanic areas in adult usually present on lower parts of head, on cleithrum and on apices of caudal and soft dorsal fins; occasional irregular and asymmetrical spots on flanks probably representing vertical bars; median spot or transverse bar on nape rather constant (Ref. 2).

This species can tolerate high salinity (Ref. 5723). It occurs abundantly in mangrove areas and ventures in to both fresh, like lower reaches of streams (Ref. 5723) and salt waters in native and non-native ranges (Ref. 46816, 53405). In West Africa, this species is confined to brackish lagoons and estuaries, and is abundant in the mangrove zone (Ref. 2). Forms schools; is mainly nocturnal with intermittent daytime feeding. Feeds on aufwuchs and detritus (Ref. 2), as well as on bivalves and zooplankton (Ref. 28587). Feeding behaviour: picking up and swallowing "bites" (no gill rakers) (Ref. 55661).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | размножение | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | личинки

Spawns in shallow water close inshore. Initiative in courtship, pit digging and mating activities are taken by the female. Eventually a male is stimulated to react in a mainly passive manner and a pair-bond is established; sexual dimorphism minimal; no T-stand by the partners during fertilization. Exhibits mouth-brooding habit (Ref. 6298). Males exclusively incubate the eggs (Ref. 2, 6309).

Основная ссылка Upload your references | ссылки | координатор : Kullander, Sven O. | соавторы

Trewavas, E. and G.G. Teugels, 1991. Sarotherodon. p. 425-437. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 4999)

Статус Красного Списка МСОП (Ref. 130435)

Не вызывающий беспокойства (LC) ; Date assessed: 22 April 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Угроза для людей

Potential pest

Использование человеком

рыболовство: коммерческий; аквакультура (рыбоводство): коммерческий; аквариум: коммерческий

FAO - Aquaculture systems: production; ; Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01413 (0.00872 - 0.02289), b=2.99 (2.86 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 2.2 ±0.14 se; based on food items.

Generation time: 0.8 (0.5 - 2.8) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 13 growth studies.

устойчивость к внешним воздействиям (Ref. 120179): средний (среднего размера), минимальное время удвоения популяции 1.4-4.4 года (K=0.16).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (16 of 100).

Категория цены (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 318 [152, 673] mg/100g; Iron = 1.97 [0.87, 4.12] mg/100g; Protein = 18.4 [16.8, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.152 [0.073, 0.347] g/100g; Selenium = 39.5 [19.2, 87.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.27 [1.55, 20.48] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.94 [1.22, 3.12] mg/100g (wet weight);

Sarotherodon melanotheron Rüppell, 1852