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> Perciformes/Uranoscopoidei (Sand dwellers) > Ammodytidae (Sand lances)
Etymology: Hyperoplus: Greek, hyperoplos = that has vanity with its weapons (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range पारिस्थितिकी

समुद्री; खारा ड़िमरसल; औशिनोड़िरोमस (Ref. 51243); गहराई सीमा 6 - 30 m (Ref. 57178). Temperate; 80°N - 37°N, 25°W - 36°E

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Northeast Atlantic: Murman and Spitzbergen to Portugal, including Iceland and much of the Baltic.

Length at first maturity / आकार / वज़न / Age

Maturity: L_m 13.0, range 11 - 15 cm
Max length : 40.0 cm SL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 4674); common length : 20.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 4645)

Short description पहचान कुंजी | आकृति विज्ञान | मौरफोमैटरिक्स

Tip of pectoral fin reaches the front end of the dorsal fin. Dark spot on each side of the snout. Two pointed teeth in the palate. Upper jaw not protractile (Ref. 35388).

Inshore, including the inter-tidal zone and estuaries, and offshore to about 60 m depth. Commonly associated with Ammodytes species. Feeds initially on zooplankton, later small fish (clupeids and ammodytids) dominate the diet. Summer batch spawner. Used mainly for fishmeal and oil, but also utilized fresh and pan-fried for human consumption (Ref. 9988).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | पुनरुत्पत्ति | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | लार्वा

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Muus, B.J. and P. Dahlström, 1974. Collins guide to the sea fishes of Britain and North-Western Europe. Collins, London, UK. 244 p. (Ref. 173)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 10 March 2014

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

मात्स्यिकी: उच्च वाणिज्य; ठहराव / प्रलोभन: occasionally

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इंटरनेट स्रोत

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 8.8 - 12.8, mean 10.3 °C (based on 476 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00269 (0.00152 - 0.00475), b=3.01 (2.85 - 3.17), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 4.0 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.

Generation time: 2.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies.

लौटाव (Ref. 120179): माध्यम, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी होने का समय 1.4 - 4.4 वर्ष। (tm=2; Fec=35,000).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 50.7 [28.6, 103.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.402 [0.237, 0.669] mg/100g; Protein = 18.9 [17.2, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.405 [0.217, 0.718] g/100g; Selenium = 10.1 [4.9, 20.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 20.1 [7.0, 60.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.594 [0.420, 0.824] mg/100g (wet weight);

Hyperoplus lanceolatus (Le Sauvage, 1824)