分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
石首魚科 (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: More on author: Bloch.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 ? - 60 m (Ref. 9772). 熱帶; 29°N - 10°S, 48°E - 125°E
Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf to Taiwan and south through the Philippines and Borneo to about the southern tip of Java.
印度-西太平洋: 波斯灣到台灣與南至菲律賓與婆羅洲到大約爪哇的最南端。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 16.6, range 13 - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9772); common length : 20.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9772)
背棘 (总数) : 10 - 11; 背的软条 (总数) : 22 - 24; 臀棘: 2; 臀鳍软条: 7. Mental pores in 2 pairs, both small, the first pair at front of chin, separated by symphysis. Gill rakers slender, as long as gill filaments at angle of arch, 9-12 on lower limb. Dorsal fin with 22-24 soft rays. Second anal spine short, slender, 22-36 % of head length. Caudal fin truncate. Scales cycloid (smooth) on head and flanks. Swim bladder carrot-shaped, with 17-22 pairs of fan-like appendages along its sides, the first not entering head. Sagitta (large earstone) with a tadpole-shaped impression, the tail of which is hockey-stick-shaped. Nape with a diffused dusky blotch.
在 2 对中的神经孔, 两者的小, 在下巴的前面的第一对,藉着愈合处分开。 鳃耙细长的, 长达鳃丝在突出部位上弓, 在下肢上的 9-12。 背鳍有 22-24 软鳍条。 第二臀鳍棘短的，细长的，和 22-36% 的头长。 尾鳍截形。 鳞片圆形的 (平滑的) 在头部与侧面上。 泳鳔胡萝卜-形状的, 与 17-22个对扇状的附肢沿着它的侧边，第一个不进入头部。 矢耳石 (大的 earstone) 具有一个蝌蚪-形状的印象, 尾部是曲棍球杆-形状的。 后颈有一个被扩散的暗色斑块。
Occurs in inshore waters. Feeds on small crustaceans, benthic worms and small fishes. Marketed fresh and dried salted (Ref. 9772).
出现于近岸水域。 吃小型甲壳动物，底栖的蠕虫与小鱼。 在市场上销售生鲜或乾渍了。 (参考文献 9772)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
印度-西太平洋: 波斯灣到台灣與南至菲律賓與婆羅洲到大約爪哇的最南端。
Sasaki, K., 2001. Sciaenidae. Croakers (drums). p.3117-3174. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 5. Bony fishes part 3 (Menidae to Pomacentridae). Rome, FAO. pp. 2791-3380. (Ref. 9772)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
工具
特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.7 - 29.2, mean 28.3 °C (based on 1510 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01096 (0.00712 - 0.01689), b=3.07 (2.94 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.69 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.6 (0.9 - 2.1) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 13
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (K=0.53-1.94).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (26 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (75 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 175 [100, 347] mg/100g; Iron = 1.15 [0.59, 2.06] mg/100g; Protein = 19 [18, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.247 [0.129, 0.420] g/100g; Selenium = 50.2 [25.9, 99.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 23.8 [8.0, 77.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.1 [0.8, 1.6] mg/100g (wet weight);
