Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut; payau dasar (demersal); kisaran kedalaman 10 - 180 m. Subtropical; 60°N - 20°N, 18°W - 17°E
Eastern Atlantic: British Isles to Morocco; also in the western Mediterranean and the Adriatic Sea (Ref. 12382).
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 20.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 3397); common length : 12.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 3397)
Occurs over rocky bottoms, less frequently on sandy bottoms (Ref. 12382). Feeds on small fish and invertebrates. Reproduction between February and August.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva
Bauchot, M.-L., 1987. Poissons osseux. p. 891-1421. In W. Fischer, M.L. Bauchot and M. Schneider (eds.) Fiches FAO d'identification pour les besoins de la pêche. (rev. 1). Méditerranée et mer Noire. Zone de pêche 37. Vol. II. Commission des Communautés Européennes and FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3397)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: nilai komersial kecil
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 7.2 - 13, mean 10.1 °C (based on 273 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7520 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01288 (0.00577 - 0.02877), b=3.02 (2.83 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): Tinggi, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum kurang dari 15 bulan (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 115 [54, 312] mg/100g; Iron = 0.932 [0.399, 2.038] mg/100g; Protein = 19.2 [17.5, 21.1] %; Omega3 = 0.274 [0.139, 0.553] g/100g; Selenium = 24.7 [10.6, 56.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 12.5 [3.3, 52.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.745 [0.460, 1.182] mg/100g (wet weight);