分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Acanthuriformes (Surgeonfishes)
鱸形目 (Surgeonfishes) >
Acanthuridae (Surgeonfishes, tangs, unicornfishes)
刺尾魚科 (Surgeonfishes, tangs, unicornfishes) > Acanthurinae
Etymology: Acanthurus: Greek, akantha = thorn + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 5 - 100 m (Ref. 28016), usually 5 - 45 m (Ref. 27115). 熱帶; 23°C - 28°C (Ref. 27115); 35°N - 35°S, 30°E - 137°W
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea south to Natal, South Africa and east to the Marquesas and Tuamoto islands, north to southern Japan, south to the southern Great Barrier Reef and New Caledonia.
印度-太平洋: 紅海南至南非的納塔爾而且東至馬貴斯群島與 Tuamoto 島, 北至日本南部, 南至大堡礁與新加勒多尼亞的南方。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3145); 最大年齡: 23 年 (Ref. 52229)
背棘 (總數) : 9; 背的軟條 (總數) : 24 - 26; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 23 - 24. This species is distinguished by the following characters: body moderately deep and compressed, its depth 2.1-2.5 times in standard length or SL (smaller individuals are deeper-bodied); snout relatively short, 6-6.9 times in SL; eye 3.2-4.5 times in head length (at 12-28 cm SL); mouth small; teeth spatulate, close-set, with denticulate edges, and small for the genus; total gill rakers on first gill arch 13-15; continuous, unnotched dorsal fin IX,24-26; A III,23-24; caudal fin emarginate to lunate, concavity 6.5-9 times in SL (concavity is greater in larger individuals); caudal peduncle narrow, the least depth 10-12 times in SL with a lancet-like spine on each side which folds into a deep horizontal groove; stomach large, U-shaped, thin-walled with large, thorn-like papillae on inner surface; colour brown with longitudinal blue lines on head and body; a yellow area behind eye and 2 yellow bands extending anteriorly from eye; when alive, this fish is capable of changing its ground colour from dark brown to pale blue (Ref. 9808).
身體褐色; 頭部有條紋的; 鰭褐色。 能夠改變顏色到灰藍色的整體。 在眼後面一個黃色的區域與 2 黃色的條紋延伸前面的從眼。 一，銳利地，朝向前面的在尾梗的兩邊上進入一個水平的凹槽之內摺疊下來的直立的硬棘; 在白色的鞘中棘。 鰓耙 13-15 在前面與後面的列中。 鱗片細小的。
Adults inhabit steep slopes, often in turbid waters, generally in the vicinity of coral reefs (Ref. 58652) or rocky bottoms. They form resident spawning aggregations (Ref. 27825, 48637). Adults often seen in schools, feeding mid-water on plankton (Ref. 48637). Feed on zooplankton. Marketed fresh. Flesh is almost never poisonous (Ref. 4795), but incidence of ciguatera poisoning was reported from Nauru I. (Ref. 125620). The retractile sharp blades of the caudal peduncle can be dangerous (https://www.monaconatureencyclopedia.com/acanthurus-mata-2/?lang=en, ver. 12/2021)
棲息於陡坡,常見於混濁的水域中, 通常在鄰近珊瑚礁 (參考文獻 58652) 或岩石底部。 形成定居的產卵群集。 (參考文獻 27825,48637) 成魚常被見到成群, 在浮游生物上的進食中層水域.(參考文獻 48637) 捕食浮游動物。 在市場上銷售生鮮地.。 肉幾乎從不是有毒的。 (參考文獻 4795)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
Form resident spawning aggregations (Ref. 27825).印度-太平洋: 紅海南至南非的納塔爾而且東至馬貴斯群島與 Tuamoto 島, 北至日本南部, 南至大堡礁與新加勒多尼亞的南方。
Randall, J.E., 1987. Three nomenclatorial changes in Indo-Pacific surgeonfishes (Acanthurinae). Pac. Sci. 41(1-4):54-61. (Ref. 1921)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.7 - 29, mean 27.9 °C (based on 1918 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02630 (0.01714 - 0.04036), b=2.94 (2.82 - 3.06), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.5 ±0.25 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 5.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.219; tmax=23).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 38.8 [15.8, 103.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.604 [0.236, 1.442] mg/100g; Protein = 18.3 [17.1, 19.5] %; Omega3 = 0.107 [0.050, 0.221] g/100g; Selenium = 22.2 [8.0, 61.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 40.8 [10.3, 147.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.28 [0.72, 4.04] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
