Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut berasosiasi dengan karang; oceanodromus (Ref. 51243); kisaran kedalaman ? - 59 m (Ref. 89891). Subtropical; 30°N - 18°N, 98°W - 73°W
Western Atlantic: northeastern Florida, USA and northern Gulf of Mexico to Bay of Campeche.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm 19.5, range 17 - 22 cm
Max length : 46.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 7251); common length : 37.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 3815)
Found primarily on sponge and coral bottoms. Feeds mainly on invertebrates (Ref. 9739).
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.4 - 27.7, mean 25.7 °C (based on 174 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01318 (0.00691 - 0.02514), b=2.84 (2.68 - 3.00), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.50 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 4.3 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (31 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 27.9 [11.6, 57.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.568 [0.288, 1.182] mg/100g; Protein = 20 [19, 21] %; Omega3 = 0.173 [0.097, 0.318] g/100g; Selenium = 16.2 [7.2, 33.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 28.8 [6.6, 119.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.641 [0.393, 0.993] mg/100g (wet weight);