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Sternopygus macrurus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)

Longtail knifefish
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Sternopygus macrurus
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Classification / Names Κοινά ονόματα | Συνώνυμα | Catalog of Fishes(Γένος, Είδη) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Gymnotiformes (Knifefishes) > Sternopygidae (Glass knifefishes)
Etymology: Sternopygus: Greek, sternon = sternon, + Greek, pyge = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Bloch & Schneider.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Οικολογία

; Γλυκού νερού βενθοπελαγικό; pH range: 6.0 - 6.5; dH range: 4 - 15. Tropical; 22°C - 28°C (Ref. 2059)

Κατανομή Χώρες | Περιοχές FAO | Οικοσυστήματα | Παρουσίες | Point map | Εισαγωγές | Faunafri

South America: Magdalena River basin; entire extent of the Amazon and Orinoco River basins below approximately 500 m elevation including Napo River of western Ecuador and Madre de Dios River of Peru; all drainages of the Guianas Shield; Atlantic drainages of northeastern Brazil (Tocantins, Parnaíba, Pindaré, Itapicuru, and Salgado rivers); São Francisco River basin; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Paraguay-Paraná River basin.

Length at first maturity / Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age

Maturity: Lm 25.0, range 20 - 30 cm
Max length : 141 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 39524)

Short description Κλείδες προσδιορισμού | Μορφολογία | Μορφομετρία

Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 195 - 300.

Βιολογία     Γλωσσάρι (π.χ. epibenthic)

Occurs in swamps, creeks, and river with lentic waters. Preys on small invertebrates, particularly the larvae of aquatic insects (Ref. 12225). Breeds before the start of the rainy season (Ref. 10645) or during the rainy season, with a fecundity count of 6473 eggs (Ref. 10643). Males persistently defend their territory and apparently make electric signals (by increased electric organ discharge (EOD) rates and interruptions thereof) to females passing by to draw in a spawning partner (Ref. 10605). Mature females' EODs are of higher frequencies than mature males (Ref. 10645). Plasma androgens modulate the EOD frequency during the breeding season (Ref. 10767). Embryos hatch on day 4; larvae begin to feed on day 11. The electric organ and electroreceptors are both present in the larva at the time of first exogenous feeding (Ref. 10605). Seems to reach sexual maturity at 1 year of age, based on breeding experiments (Ref. 10011).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Αναπαραγωγή | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Προνύμφες

Eggs of 3 mm diameter are deposited among plants. Larvae hatch after 4 days and start feeding after 11 days.

Main reference Upload your references | Αναφορές | Συντονιστής : Albert, James S. | Συνεργάτες

Ortega, H. and R.P. Vari, 1986. Annotated checklist of the freshwater fishes of Peru. Smithson. Contrib. Zool. (437):1-25. (Ref. 6329)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 03 December 2020

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

αλιεία: Εμπορικό(ά); Ενυδρείο: Εμπορικό(ά)
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

Περισσότερες πληροφορίες

Trophic ecology
Τροφικά αντικείμενα
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Θηρευτές
Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances
Life cycle
Αναπαραγωγή
Maturities
Fecundities
Spawnings
Spawning aggregations
Egg(s)
Egg developments
Προνύμφες
Δυναμική προνυμφών
Distribution
Χώρες
Περιοχές FAO
Οικοσυστήματα
Παρουσίες
Εισαγωγές
BRUVS - Videos
Anatomy
Gill areas
Εγκέφαλοι
Otoliths
Physiology
Body compositions
Nutrients
Oxygen consumptions
Κολυμβητικός τύπος
Swimming speeds
Visual pigment(s)
Ήχοι ψαριών
Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
Γενετική
Electrophoreses
Heritabilities
Human related
Aquaculture systems
Προφίλ υδατοκαλλιεργειών
Στελέχοι
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
References
Αναφορές

Εργαλεία

Special reports

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Διαδικτυακές πηγές

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Γένος, Είδη | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Δέντρο Ζωής | Wikipedia: Go, αναζήτηση | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5020   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00302 (0.00193 - 0.00471), b=2.82 (2.69 - 2.95), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref. 69278):  3.2   ±0.40 se; based on food items.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Very high vulnerability (84 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Unknown.