分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sparidae (Porgies)
鯛科 (Porgies)
Etymology: Calamus: Greek, kalamos = reed, cane (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Bloch & Schneider.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 3 - 200 m (Ref. 26938). 亞熱帶的; 42°N - 18°S, 98°W - 34°W
Western Atlantic: Rhode Island (USA), Bermuda, and northern Gulf of Mexico southward to Brazil. Most abundant in the West Indies (Ref. 9626).
西大西洋: 羅德島州 (美國) ，百慕達群島與墨西哥灣北部向南至巴西。 最豐富在西印度群島.(參考文獻 9626)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 36.0, range 30 - 42 cm
Max length : 76.0 cm FL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 40637); common length : 54.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3815); 最大體重: 10.6 kg (Ref. 4699)
背棘 (總數) : 12; 背的軟條 (總數) : 12; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 10. Blue line under each eye. Corner of mouth and isthmus have orange cast (Ref. 26938). An irregular row of small molariform teeth inside and toward the front of the three usual rows of molars at side of upper jaw; dorsal profile of head evenly convex and not very steep (Ref. 13442).
在每個眼下面的藍色的線。 嘴角與峽部有橘色的外貌。 (參考文獻 26938) 一個不規則的小臼齒型齒列在而且之內在上頜的側邊朝向這三個的前面平常的列臼齒; 頭部的背面輪廓均勻地中凸的而不是非常陡峭的.(參考文獻 13442)
Inhabits coastal waters. Found on vegetated sand bottoms and more frequently on coral bottoms. Occasionally found at depths at least 180m (Ref. 09710) and 200 m. (Ref. 26938). Large adults are usually solitary. Feeds mainly on sea urchins, (including Diadema, Ref. 13442), crabs and mollusks. Excellent food fish (Ref. 5521).
棲息於沿岸水域。 棲息於長滿植物的砂質底部了與更時常在珊瑚底部上。 偶然地發現於深度至少 200 公尺了。 (參考文獻 26938). 大的成魚是通常獨居性的。 主要吃海膽,(包括 Diadema, 參考文獻 13442), 螃蟹與軟體動物。 優良的食用魚.(參考文獻 5521)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
西大西洋: 羅德島州 (美國) ，百慕達群島與墨西哥灣北部向南至巴西。 最豐富在西印度群島.(參考文獻 9626)
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18.6 - 27.5, mean 24.3 °C (based on 261 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02630 (0.01684 - 0.04108), b=2.92 (2.79 - 3.05), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 7.8 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (59 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 18.2 [7.6, 38.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.493 [0.250, 1.048] mg/100g; Protein = 20 [19, 21] %; Omega3 = 0.176 [0.096, 0.330] g/100g; Selenium = 23.3 [10.6, 48.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 22.5 [5.2, 98.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.56 [0.34, 0.85] mg/100g (wet weight);
