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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Lonchurus: Greek, logche = lance + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bloch.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
বাস্তুসংস্থান
সামুদ্রিক; ঈষৎ লোনা তলদেশ বিহারী. Tropical
Western Atlantic: Colombia to the Amazon delta in Brazil including the Windward islands.
আকৃতি / ওজন / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 3702); common length : 22.0 cm TL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 3702)
পৃষ্ঠীয় কাঁটা (মোট ) : 10 - 12; পৃষ্ঠীয় নরম পাখনা দন্ড (মোট ) : 37 - 39; পায়ূ কাঁটা : 2; পায়ূর নরম পাখনা্তুন্ড: 7 - 9. Body often brownish to yellowish, slightly darker above. All fins darkish, pectoral fins long and jet black. Base of pelvic and anal fins yellowish. Inside of gill cover dusky. Mouth large, but inferior, nearly horizontal. Chin with a pair of moderately long, slender barbels (longer than eye diameter). Pectoral fins very long, upper rays filamentous, extending to caudal peduncle. Pelvic fins with first soft ray filamentous, extending beyond anus. Gas bladder reduced in size, much shorter than head length; bearing anteriorly 1 pair of appendages, the first short and horn-like, the second long, tube-like, and directed backward (Ref 51721).
Found usually over sandy to muddy bottoms in coastal marine and brackish waters. Important food fish.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | প্রজনন | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | শুককীট
Chao, L.N., 1978. Sciaenidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. West Atlantic (Fishing Area 31). Volume 4. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3702)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
মৎস্য: গৌণ বাণিজ্যিক ; স্পশর্ী : usually
হাতিয়ার
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ইন্টারনেট সুত্র
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 26.8 - 28, mean 27.5 °C (based on 162 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00575 (0.00278 - 0.01190), b=3.11 (2.93 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
ট্রফিক পর্যায়ে (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
স্থিতিস্থাপক (Ref.
120179): উচ্চ, সর্বনিম্ন প্রজন দ্বিগুনের সময় ১৫ মাস (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).