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> Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Paralichthyidae (Large-tooth flounders)
Etymology: Paralichthys: Greek, para = the side of + Greek, ichthys = fish + Greek, suffix, oides = similar to (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Ginsburg.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range पारिस्थितिकी

समुद्री ड़िमरसल; गहराई सीमा 0 - 185 m (Ref. 5217). Tropical

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Western Central Atlantic: Colombia and Venezuela to Trinidad and Tobago. Reported to range south to Suriname (Ref. 13608).

आकार / वज़न / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 5217); common length : 40.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 5217)

Short description पहचान कुंजी | आकृति विज्ञान | मौरफोमैटरिक्स

पृष्ठीय सौफट रेज़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 69 - 80; ऐनल सौफट रेज़: 55 - 64. Head moderately pointed; brown with numerous roundish dark spots on head, body and fins, many as large or larger than eyes; also numerous small dark and small pale spots; teeth uniserial, the anterior ones enlarged; origin of dorsal fin above or slightly anterior to the front edge of eyes; caudal fin biconcave; pelvic fins short-based, symmetrically placed, and subequal (Ref. 13442).

Found over muddy and sandy bottoms. Marketed fresh.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | पुनरुत्पत्ति | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | लार्वा

Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).

Main reference Upload your references | संदर्भ | संयोजक : Amaoka, Kunio | सहयोगीयो

Randall, J.E. and R. Vergara, 1978. Bothidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Central Atlantic (Fishing Area 31). FAO, Rome. Vol. 1. pag.var. (Ref. 3275)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Data deficient (DD) ; Date assessed: 29 January 2013

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

मात्स्यिकी: लघु वाणिज्य

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

अधिक जानकारी

Trophic ecology
खाद्य पदार्थ
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
परभक्षी

Ecology
पारिस्थितिकी

Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances

Life cycle
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Maturities
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Egg(s)
Egg developments
लार्वा
लारवल गतिकी

Distribution
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Anatomy
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Physiology
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Visual pigment(s)
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Diseases / Parasites
Toxicities (LC50s)

Genetics
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Human related
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जलीयकृषि रूपरेखाऐ
खींच
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.

Outreach
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इंटरनेट स्रोत

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 23.2 - 28, mean 26.5 °C (based on 246 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00646 (0.00290 - 0.01435), b=3.17 (2.99 - 3.35), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 4.1 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

लौटाव (Ref. 120179): माध्यम, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी होने का समय 1.4 - 4.4 वर्ष। (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Paralichthys tropicus Ginsburg, 1933