Elasmobranchii (tubarões e raias) (sharks and rays) >
Torpediniformes (Electric rays) >
Torpedinidae (Electric rays)
Etymology: Torpedo: Latin, torpere = be sluggish (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Donald Jacob Baron Mackay (1839–1921), who was born a Dutch national in the Hague, became 11th Lord Reay on the death of his father (1876) and changed his nationality to British (1877). [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
Ambiente: milieu / zona climática / intervalo de profundidade / gama de distribuição
Ecologia
marinhas; estuarina demersal; intervalo de profundidade 30 - 50 m (Ref. 4430). Tropical; 15°N - 17°S, 19°W - 14°E (Ref. 114953)
Eastern Atlantic: Senegal to Angola.
Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturidade: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 114953)
Found in continental shelf in shallow water to at least 15 m deep. Presumably feeds on small invertebrates and fishes (Ref. 114953). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Males mature at ca. 32 cm TL, females at ca. 35 cm TL (Ref. 114953).
Ciclo de vida e comportamento de acasalamento
Maturidade | Reprodução | Desova | Ovos | Fecundidade | Larvas
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449).
Capapé, C. and M. Desoutter, 1990. Torpedinidae. p. 55-58. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4430)
Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Ameaça para o homem
Other
Utilização humana
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
Descarregue XML
Fontes da internet
Estimativas baseadas em modelos
Temperatura preferida (Ref.
123201): 19.8 - 25.9, mean 23.6 °C (based on 13 cells).
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01479 (0.00678 - 0.03229), b=2.97 (2.78 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.7 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): Baixo, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 4,5 - 14 anos (Assuming fecundity<100).
Vulnerabilidade da pesca (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).
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