Lớp phụ Cá sụn (cá mập và cá đuối) (sharks and rays) >
Rajiformes (Skates and rays) >
Rajidae (Skates)
Etymology: Dipturus: Greek, di = two + Greek, pteryx = fin (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Sinh thái học
Biển Tầng đáy biển sâu; Mức độ sâu 125 - 1420 m (Ref. 114953). Deep-water; 67°N - 16°N, 25°W - 14°E
Eastern Atlantic: fjords of central and southern Norway, southern Iceland, around Rockall Trough in Ireland and northern Mauritania (Ref. 4426); Western and central Mediterreneann Sea (Ref. 125963).
Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 200 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 4426)
Inhabit deep slope waters (Ref. 3167), probably most common on the mid-slope (Ref. 114953). Feed on all kinds of bottom animals (Ref. 3167), mainly invertebrates and small fishes (Ref. 114953). Size possibly up to 250 cm TL (Ref. 114953). Oviparous. Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205). Eggs are oblong capsules with stiff pointed horns at the corners deposited in sandy or muddy flats (Ref. 205). Egg capsules are 18.2-26.0 cm long and 9.2-11.3 cm wide (Ref. 41251, 41309). Sizes of maturity and hatching unknown (Ref. 114953).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Sự tái sinh sản | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Ấu trùng
Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace. Young may tend to follow large objects, such as their mother (Ref. 205).
McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998. Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Các nghề cá: không ích lợi (thú vị)
Các công cụ
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Các nguồn internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 2.1 - 10.8, mean 7.1 °C (based on 138 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00282 (0.00133 - 0.00596), b=3.25 (3.08 - 3.42), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Mức dinh dưỡng (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
Thích nghi nhanh (Ref.
120179): thấp, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là 4.5 - 14 năm (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 2.52 [0.35, 50.19] mg/100g; Iron = 0.251 [0.024, 3.283] mg/100g; Protein = 15.3 [13.2, 17.3] %; Omega3 = 0.371 [0.154, 0.920] g/100g; Selenium = 23.3 [4.1, 104.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 2.81 [0.20, 39.61] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.241 [0.016, 2.910] mg/100g (wet weight);
