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Pennahia macrocephalus (Tang, 1937)

Big-head pennah croaker
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Pennahia macrocephalus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Pennahia macrocephalus (Big-head pennah croaker)
Pennahia macrocephalus
Picture by Randall, J.E.

分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) 鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers) 石首魚科 (Drums or croakers)
Etymology:

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

海洋 居於水底的; 深度上下限 ? - 100 m (Ref. 9772). 熱帶

分布 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

Indo-West Pacific: Taiwan to southern China, off Sarawak, eastern tip of the Malay Peninsula and southern Java.
印度-西太平洋: 台灣到中國南部，外海的砂勞越, 馬來半島與爪哇南部的東方頂端。

大小 / 重量 / 年齡

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 27.8 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 108763); common length : 18.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9772)

簡短描述 檢索表 | 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖

背棘 (總數) : 11; 背的軟條 (總數) : 26 - 29; 臀棘: 2; 臀鰭軟條: 7.

生物學特性     字彙 (例如 epibenthic)

Found in coastal waters. Feeds on small invertebrates and fishes (Ref. 2113).

發現於沿岸水域了。 吃小型無脊椎動物與魚。 (參考文獻 2113)

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚

印度-西太平洋: 台灣到中國南部，外海的砂勞越, 馬來半島與爪哇南部的東方頂端。

主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者

Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

  無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 01 July 2016

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

對人類具威脅

  無害處的





人類使用

漁業: 高經濟性
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

更多資訊

Trophic ecology
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參考文獻

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網路資源

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 23.4 - 29.1, mean 28.2 °C (based on 1566 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5312   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01288 (0.00868 - 0.01912), b=3.12 (3.00 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
營養階層 (Ref. 69278):  4.1   ±0.64 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 2.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies.
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (26 of 100).
價格種類 (Ref. 80766):   Medium.