分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 居於水底的; 深度上下限 1 - 121 m (Ref. 9281). 亞熱帶的
Western Pacific: New Zealand (Ref. 5755) and the Mangaréva and Gambier Islands (Ref. 9281). Eastern Pacific: Bahía Magdalena (Baja California Sur, Mexico) and the Gulf of California to Peru, including the Galapagos Islands (Ref. 9281).
西太平洋: 紐西蘭 (參考文獻 5755) 與曼加雷瓦群島與檳榔膏島.(參考文獻 9281) 東太平洋: Bahia Magdalena(墨西哥南下加利福尼亞) 與加州灣到祕魯, 包括加拉巴哥群島.(參考文獻 9281)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 10.1, range 8 - 12.2 cm
Max length : 15.7 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 41284); common length : 12.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 55763)
Body flat and strongly compressed; eyes on the left side of the head; lateral line on the eyes side with a pronounced arch over the pectoral fin but not extending under the lower eye; urinary papilla present on the eyed side; anterior profile of head only slightly notched; eyed side dark brown to olive green, without any conspicuous spots (Ref. 55763).
Found on soft bottoms (Ref. 9281). Utilized fresh (Ref. 9281).
棲息於軟質底部了。 (參考文獻 9281) 生鮮使用.(參考文獻 9281)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
西太平洋: 紐西蘭 (參考文獻 5755) 與曼加雷瓦群島與檳榔膏島.(參考文獻 9281) 東太平洋: Bahia Magdalena(墨西哥南下加利福尼亞) 與加州灣到祕魯, 包括加拉巴哥群島.(參考文獻 9281)
Hensley, D.A., 1995. Bothidae. Lenguados. p. 931-936. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9281)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 11 November 2019
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
工具
特別的報告
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網路資源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18.1 - 28.8, mean 24 °C (based on 144 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01047 (0.00446 - 0.02457), b=3.04 (2.86 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Generation time: 6.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (41 of 100).
