分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 底中水层性; 深度上下限 0 - 100 m (Ref. 3688), usually 30 - 50 m (Ref. 2683). 亞熱帶的; 38°N - 13°N, 27°W - 5°W
Southwestern Mediterranean Sea (Malaga to Gibraltar); eastern Atlantic from Cape Verde Islands north to Cadiz (Spain).
東大西洋: 到維德角的直布羅陀海峽與西班牙 (參考文獻 4781) 南部。 加納利群島沒有出現。 記錄來自在塞內加爾正弦-Saloum 的河口了。 (參考文獻 28587)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 11.4 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4781); common length : 15.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4781)
背棘 (总数) : 10 - 11; 背的软条 (总数) : 13 - 15; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 13 - 15.
Gregarious. Inhabits the upper portion of the continental shelf from the coastline to 100 m depth, but especially from 30 to 50 m. Occurs on various types of bottom. Sometimes forms sizeable aggregations. Feeds on small benthic mollusks and crustaceans (Ref. 4781). Important food fish. Minimum depth range from Ref. 113561.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
東大西洋: 到維德角的直布羅陀海峽與西班牙 (參考文獻 4781) 南部。 加納利群島沒有出現。 記錄來自在塞內加爾正弦-Saloum 的河口了。 (參考文獻 28587)
Bauchot, M.-L. and J.-C. Hureau, 1990. Sparidae. p. 790-812. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3688)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
工具
特别资料
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网络资源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 17.6 - 21.6, mean 18.9 °C (based on 14 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01380 (0.01174 - 0.01623), b=3.06 (3.03 - 3.09), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.50 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 4.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.27).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 73.9 [41.1, 137.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.919 [0.517, 1.590] mg/100g; Protein = 19 [18, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.383 [0.212, 0.707] g/100g; Selenium = 24.7 [12.2, 46.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 24.2 [7.3, 76.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.892 [0.629, 1.278] mg/100g (wet weight);
