分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Haemulidae (Grunts)
仿石鱸科 (Grunts) > Plectorhinchinae
Etymology: Plectorhinchus: Greek, plektos = plaited + Greek, rhyngchos = snout (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Forsskål.
Issue
This species appears to be restricted to southeast Africa to the Arabian Sea, including the Red Sea and Persian Gulf. Junior synonyms Plectorhinchus unicolor (Macleay, 1883) and Plectorhinchus griseus (Cuvier, 1830) are considered valid according to Johnson et al., 2015 (Ref. 103290). Species record and information will be repaired accordingly.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 0 - 80 m (Ref. 9710). 熱帶; 30°N - 32°S, 29°E - 160°E
Indo-West Pacific: eastern Africa south to Port St. Johns, South Africa and east to the western Pacific.
印度-西太平洋: 非洲東部南至聖約翰港, 南非而且東至西太平洋。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 80.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9710); common length : 60.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5450)
Found around rocks and corals from the surf zone to a depth of 80 m (Ref. 2799). Enters estuaries and rivers in Seychelles, Madagascar and South Africa (Ref. 2135). Juveniles occur in tide pools (Ref. 9710).
發現於岩石與珊瑚從海浪區到深度 80 公尺周圍了。 (參考文獻 2799) 進入在塞錫爾群島，馬達加斯加與南非的河口與河。 (參考文獻 2135) 稚魚出現在潮池。 (參考文獻 9710)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).印度-西太平洋: 非洲東部南至聖約翰港, 南非而且東至西太平洋。
Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.3 - 29, mean 27.9 °C (based on 1644 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01380 (0.00670 - 0.02842), b=3.00 (2.83 - 3.17), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.49 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (74 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 23.7 [8.4, 46.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.46 [0.24, 0.82] mg/100g; Protein = 19.6 [17.7, 21.4] %; Omega3 = 0.134 [0.074, 0.225] g/100g; Selenium = 39.1 [22.5, 65.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 58.5 [21.1, 164.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.13 [0.78, 1.64] mg/100g (wet weight);
