Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut berasosiasi dengan karang; kisaran kedalaman 3 - 35 m (Ref. 9710). Tropical
Indo-West Pacific: Kenya south to Bazaruto Islands (Mozambique), Aldabra and Seychelles, and east to the Philippines (Ref. 3145). Reported from southern Japan (Ref. 9710) and Indonesia.
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 80.0 cm FL jantan/; (Ref. 9710)
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 5; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 24 - 26; Duri dubur: 2; Sirip dubur lunak: 23 - 25. Olivaceous grey in color; adults with small dusky spots and large specimens with a short protuberance above upper lip (Ref. 3145). Body ovate and compressed (Ref. 37429).
An uncommon species found in coral and rocky reefs (Ref. 9710). Solitary or in small groups (Ref. 90102).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva
Randall, J.E., 1986. Acanthuridae. p. 811-823. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3145)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.5 - 28.8, mean 27.5 °C (based on 516 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01995 (0.00906 - 0.04395), b=3.00 (2.82 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 2.2 ±0.1 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): Rendah, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 4.5 - 14 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (56 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 28.8 [16.8, 56.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.501 [0.251, 0.878] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [17.4, 19.8] %; Omega3 = 0.107 [0.064, 0.205] g/100g; Selenium = 38.2 [19.6, 72.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 43.6 [12.3, 143.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.36 [0.93, 1.98] mg/100g (wet weight);
