Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري مرتبطة بالشعاب; نطاق العمق 3 - 35 m (Ref. 9710). Tropical
Indo-West Pacific: Kenya south to Bazaruto Islands (Mozambique), Aldabra and Seychelles, and east to the Philippines (Ref. 3145). Reported from southern Japan (Ref. 9710) and Indonesia.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 80.0 cm FL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 9710)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 5; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 24 - 26; شوكة شرجية: 2; أشعه شرجية لينه: 23 - 25. Olivaceous grey in color; adults with small dusky spots and large specimens with a short protuberance above upper lip (Ref. 3145). Body ovate and compressed (Ref. 37429).
An uncommon species found in coral and rocky reefs (Ref. 9710). Solitary or in small groups (Ref. 90102).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | التكاثر | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Randall, J.E., 1986. Acanthuridae. p. 811-823. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3145)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.5 - 28.8, mean 27.5 °C (based on 516 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01995 (0.00906 - 0.04395), b=3.00 (2.82 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 2.2 ±0.1 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
المرونه (Ref.
120179): منخفض, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 4.5-14 سنة (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (56 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 28.8 [16.8, 56.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.501 [0.251, 0.878] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [17.4, 19.8] %; Omega3 = 0.107 [0.064, 0.205] g/100g; Selenium = 38.2 [19.6, 72.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 43.6 [12.3, 143.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.36 [0.93, 1.98] mg/100g (wet weight);
