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> Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Cynoglossidae (Tonguefishes) > Symphurinae
Etymology: Symphurus: Greek, syn, symphysis = grown together + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Bloch & Schneider.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range पारिस्थितिकी

समुद्री; खारा ड़िमरसल; गहराई सीमा 0 - 75 m (Ref. 5217), usually 0 - 10 m (Ref. 26268). Tropical; 25°N - 30°S, 87°W - 30°W (Ref. 26268)

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Western Atlantic: Puerto Rico, Cuba and Hispaniola but unknown from the Bahamas. Continental margin of Central America (Belize, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama) to South America (Colombia, Guyana, suriname, Tobago and Brazil (Rio de Janeiro).

आकार / वज़न / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 35237); common length : 20.0 cm TL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 5217); अधिकतम प्रकाशित वज़न: 51.30 g (Ref. 118626)

Short description पहचान कुंजी | आकृति विज्ञान | मौरफोमैटरिक्स

पृष्ठीय रीढ़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 0; पृष्ठीय सौफट रेज़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 89 - 99; गुदा कांटा: 0; ऐनल सौफट रेज़: 75 - 84.

A shallow water species (1-51 m) (Ref. 26268), found over mud or sand bottoms (Ref. 5217) where it feeds on small benthic invertebrates likes annelids and crustaceans. Normally found along sand banks near the mouth of rivers (Ref. 35237).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | पुनरुत्पत्ति | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | लार्वा

Main reference Upload your references | संदर्भ | संयोजक | सहयोगीयो

Munroe, T.A., 1998. Systematics and ecology of tonguefishes of the genus Symphurus (Cynoglossidae: Pleuronectiformes) from the western Atlantic Ocean. Fish. Bull. 96(1):1-182. (Ref. 26268)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 20 August 2012

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

मात्स्यिकी: लघु वाणिज्य

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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इंटरनेट स्रोत

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 25.8 - 28.1, mean 27.5 °C (based on 680 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01445 (0.00647 - 0.03228), b=3.05 (2.85 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.3 ±0.39 se; based on food items.

लौटाव (Ref. 120179): ऊंचा, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी समय अवलागत 15 महीने। (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 205 [96, 352] mg/100g; Iron = 1.13 [0.57, 2.01] mg/100g; Protein = 17.9 [15.9, 20.1] %; Omega3 = 0.149 [0.074, 0.293] g/100g; Selenium = 54.3 [26.2, 110.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 13.7 [4.3, 42.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.3 [0.9, 1.9] mg/100g (wet weight);

Symphurus plagusia (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)