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Beloniformes (Needle fishes) >
Exocoetidae (Flyingfishes)
Etymology: Hirundichthys: latin, hirundo = swift; 1300 + Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Günther.
Entorno: milieu / zona climática / rango de profundidad / gama de distribución
Ecología
marino pelagic-neritic; oceanodromo (Ref. 51243); rango de profundidad 0 - 100 m (Ref. 5217). Subtropical; 41°N - 13°S, 98°W - 14°E
Eastern Atlantic: Guinea to Angola. Western Atlantic: Gulf Stream off Virginia, USA and northern Gulf of Mexico to northern Brazil (Ref. 7251), including the Caribbean Sea (Ref. 3720). Northwest Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951).
Longitud en la primera madurez / Tamaño / Peso / Edad
Madurez: Lm 25.1  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 33.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 109257); common length : 24.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 5217); edad máxima reportada: 1.00 años (Ref. 6503)
Espinas dorsales (total) : 0; Radios blandos dorsales (total) : 11; Espinas anales: 0; Radios blandos anales: 11 - 12. Body elongate, thick, somewhat flattened ventrally; snout shorter than eye, blunt; palatine teeth usually absent; dorsal and anal fins set far back on body, their bases short; dorsal fin low, rays at anterior end the longest; anal fin origin slightly before, or 1 or 2 rays behind dorsal fin origin; pectoral fins strikingly long, 60 to 70 % of SL, only first ray unbranched; pelvic fins large, reaching well beyond anal fin origin; more than 25 scale rows of predorsal scales; dorsally, the color is usually iridescent blue or green in life; dorsal fin colorless or only slightly pigmented; pectoral fins dark, with a pale basal triangle and a narrow white margin (on trailing edge when extended) (Ref. 3720).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: other (see diagnosi.
Occurs in surface waters both near and far from the coast (Ref. 5217). Forms schools. Capable of leaping out and gliding for long distances above the water. Seasonal variation in abundance was noted in the eastern Caribbean countries, a phenomenon that may be due to post-spawning mortality (Ref. 6838). The most important commercial fish species of the eastern Caribbean (Ref. 6504). Considered a good food fish; marketed fresh.
Spawns on the water surface and to a depth of 20 m (Ref. 6834). Post-spawning mortality may explain the disappearance of mature cohorts at the close of the spawning season in June (Ref. 6838).
Gibbs, R.H. Jr., 1978. Exocoetidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Central Atlantic (Fishing Area 31). Vol. 2. pag.var. (Ref. 3720)
Situación en la Lista Roja de la UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Amenaza para el ser humano
Harmless
Usos humanos
Pesquerías: comercial; carnada: usually
Herramientas
Informes especiales
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Fuentes de Internet
Estimaciones basadas en modelos
Temperatura preferida (Referencia
123201): 14.3 - 23.6, mean 20 °C (based on 39 cells).
Índice de diversidad filogenética (Referencia
82804): PD
50 = 0.5002 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00813 (0.00422 - 0.01564), b=3.01 (2.83 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Nivel trófico (Referencia
69278): 3.8 ±0.56 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 0.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Resiliencia (Referencia
120179): Alto, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo inferior a 15 meses (tm<1; tmax=1).
Vulnerabilidad pesquera (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (16 of 100).
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Nutrientes (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 396 [116, 1,186] mg/100g; Iron = 3.76 [1.31, 9.56] mg/100g; Protein = 17.8 [15.4, 20.2] %; Omega3 = 0.379 [0.103, 1.550] g/100g; Selenium = 69.1 [18.9, 235.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 3.98 [0.62, 29.25] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.31 [0.68, 2.45] mg/100g (wet weight);