Heterodontus francisci, Horn shark : fisheries, aquarium

Heterodontus francisci (Girard, 1855)

Horn shark
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Heterodontus francisci   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Heterodontus francisci (Horn shark)
Heterodontus francisci
Foto de Muséum-Aquarium de Nancy/D. Terver

Clasificación / Nombres Nombres comunes | Sinónimos | Catalog of Fishes(Género, Especie) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranquios (tiburones y rayas) (sharks and rays) > Heterodontiformes (Bullhead and horn sharks) > Heterodontidae (Bullhead, horn, or Port Jackson sharks)
Etymology: Heterodontus: heteros (Gr.), different; odontos (Gr.), tooth, referring to pointy teeth (for clutching prey) at front of jaws, different than rounded molar-like teeth (for grinding hard-shelled invertebrates) at the back (See ETYFish)francisci: Of Francisco, probably referring to San Francisco (city and/or bay), California, USA (although its range does not extend that far north of its type locality, Monterey Bay) (See ETYFish).
Eponymy: The original description has no etymology but the specific name probably derives from the city of San Francisco (although the holotype was collected from Monterey Bay rather than San Francisco Bay). (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Girard.

Entorno: milieu / zona climática / rango de profundidad / gama de distribución Ecología

marino demersal; rango de profundidad 0 - 152 m (Ref. 106604), usually 2 - 11 m (Ref. 9253). Subtropical; 37°N - 15°S, 124°W - 75°W

Distribución Territorios | Áreas FAO | Ecosistemas | Ocurrencias, apariciones | Mapa de puntos | Introducciones | Faunafri

Eastern Pacific: central California, USA to the Gulf of California, and probably Ecuador and Peru.

Longitud en la primera madurez / Tamaño / Peso / Edad

Madurez: Lm ?, range 59 - ? cm
Max length : 122 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 247); common length : 97.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 247); edad máxima reportada: 12 años (Ref. 72467)

Biología     Glosario (por ej. epibenthic)

Sluggish, nocturnal, and mostly solitary species. Inhabit rocky bottoms, kelp beds, sandy draws between rocks, on sand flats, deep crevices and small caves and also large underwater caverns. Adults tend to return to the same resting place every day (Ref. 43278). Feed on benthic invertebrates, especially sea urchins, crabs and probably abalone, also fishes. Oviparous (Ref. 50449). May bite back when harassed. Has broad muscular paired fins used as limbs for clambering on the bottom. Catch reduced to fish meal; fin spines used in production of jewels.

Ciclo vital y comportamiento de apareamiento Madurez | Reproducción | Puesta | Huevos | Fecundidad | Larva

Oviparous (Ref. 205). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Courtship starts when the male chases the female, then when both are ready, they drop to the bottom (Ref. 43278). During courtship and prior to copulation, the male bites and wraps its body to the female pectoral fin, body, tail, and gills (Ref. 51127, 49562). The male then inserts a single clasper in the female's cloaca; copulation lasts 30 to 40 min. After one or two weeks later, the eggs are laid in about 11 to 14 intervals for 4 months which were deposited under rocks or in crevices, as was observed in nature. In captivity, the female drops the eggs on the bottom where the contents of the egg cases maybe eaten by these sharks; the eggs are hatched in 7 to 9 months. The young begin to feed one month after hatching (Ref. 43278).

Referencia principal Suba sus referencias | Referencias | Coordinador | Colaboradores

Compagno, L.J.V., 2001. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Vol. 2. Bullhead, mackerel and carpet sharks (Heterodontiformes, Lamniformes and Orectolobiformes). FAO Spec. Cat. Fish. Purp. 1(2):269 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 43278)

Situación en la Lista Roja de la UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 03 June 2024

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Amenaza para el ser humano

  Traumatogenic (Ref. 247)





Usos humanos

Pesquerías: escaso valor comercial; Acuario: Acuarios públicos
FAO - pesquerías: perfil de la especie; Publication: search | FishSource |

Más información

Ecología Trófica
Alimentos (presas)
Composición de la dieta
consumo de alimento
Raciones de comida
Despredadores
Ecología
Ecología
Dinámica de la población
Coeficiente del crecimiento para
Edades / tallas máximas
Longitud-peso rel.
Longitud-longitud rel.
Longitud-frecuencias
Conversión de masas
Reclutamiento
Abundancia
Ciclo de vida
Reproducción
Madurez
Madurez/Gills rel.
Fecundidad
Puesta
Agregaciones de desove
Huevos
Desarrollo de los huevos
Larva
Dinámica larvaria
Distribución
Territorios
Áreas FAO
Ecosistemas
Ocurrencias, apariciones
Introducciones
BRUVS - Vídeos
Anatomía
Superficie branquial
Cerebro
Otolito
Fisiología
Composición corporal
Nutrientes
Consumo del oxígeno
Tipo de natación
Velocidad de natación
Pigmentos visuales
Sonido de peces
Enfermedades y parásitos
Toxicidad (CL50)
Genética
Genoma
Genética
Heterocigosidad
heritabilidad
Diversidad genética
Relacionados con el ser humano
Sistemas de acuicultura
Perfiles de acuicultura
Razas
Ciguatera cases
Sellos, monedas, varios
Divulgación
Colaboradores
Referencias
Referencias

Herramientas

Informes especiales

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Fuentes de Internet

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Género, Especie | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - pesquerías: perfil de la especie; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | Acuarios públicos | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Árbol de la vida | Wikipedia: Go, búsqueda | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Expediente Zoológico

Estimaciones basadas en modelos

Temperatura preferida (Referencia 123201): 15.9 - 23.7, mean 21.4 °C (based on 159 cells).
Índice de diversidad filogenética (Referencia 82804):  PD50 = 0.5029   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00437 (0.00234 - 0.00814), b=3.15 (2.97 - 3.33), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
Nivel trófico (Referencia 69278):  3.2   ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Resiliencia (Referencia 120179):  Bajo, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo de 4.5-14 años (Fec=20).
Vulnerabilidad pesquera (Ref. 59153):  High to very high vulnerability (73 of 100). 🛈
Categoría de precios (Ref. 80766):   Unknown.
Nutrientes (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 21.1 [4.1, 95.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.68 [0.18, 2.01] mg/100g; Protein = 19 [17, 21] %; Omega3 = 0.201 [0.090, 0.442] g/100g; Selenium = 28.1 [8.6, 83.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 7.36 [2.35, 22.58] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.646 [0.318, 1.171] mg/100g (wet weight);