Epinephelus awoara (Temminck & Schlegel, 1842)
Yellow grouper
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| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Epinephelus awoara AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
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Epinephelus awoara
图片提供人 Caron Wong@114°E Hong Kong Reef Fish Survey
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图片提供人 Caron Wong@114°E Hong Kong Reef Fish Survey
分类 / 名称 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei > Perciformes/Serranoidei (Groupers) > Epinephelidae (Groupers)
Etymology: Epinephelus: Greek, epinephelos = cloudy (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Temminck & Schlegel.
Etymology: Epinephelus: Greek, epinephelos = cloudy (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Temminck & Schlegel.
环境：氛围 / 气候带 / 深度上下限 / 分布范围 生态学
分布 领土 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | 分布图 | 简介 | Faunafri
Northwest Pacific: Korea, Japan, Taiwan, China, Viet Nam, and islands in the South China Sea.
西北太平洋: 韓國，日本，台灣，中國，越南與南中國海的島群。
西北太平洋: 韓國，日本，台灣，中國，越南與南中國海的島群。
首次成熟时的长度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm ?, range 16 - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5222); common length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9137)
Max length : 60.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5222); common length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9137)
简单描述 检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图
背棘 (总数) : 11; 背的软条 (总数) : 15 - 16; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 8. Distinguished by the following characteristics: head and body pale greyish brown dorsally, usually golden yellow ventrally; 4 broad dark bars on the dorsal part of the body, one on caudal peduncle and another often visible on nape; numerous small yellow spots on head and body; body and median fins with small greyish white spots; soft dorsal and caudal fins and sometimes the anal fin, with prominent yellow margin; dusky yellow paired fins; yellow mustache in the maxillary groove; body depth 2.7-3.3 times in SL; head length 2.3-2.6 times in SL; convex interorbital area; strongly convex dorsal head profile; subangular preopercle, 2-5 strong spines at the angle; upper edge of operculum straight, uppermost spine rudimentary; maxilla reaches about to vertical at rear edge of eye; 2 rows of small, subequal teeth on midlateral part of lower jaw; caudal fin convex; lateral body scales distinctly ctenoid, with auxiliary scales in fish larger than 30 cm SL; pyloric caeca 12, in 3 bundles (Ref. 089707).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Occurs in rocky areas as well as on sandy-mud bottoms. Juveniles are common in tide pools. In captivity, the species is aggressive, chasing and biting other species, especially members of its own species. Protogynous hermaphrodite (Ref. 5222). Artificial fertilization of eggs was done and the longest survival time for the larvae was 15 days (Ref. 6780). In Hong Kong live fish markets (Ref. 27253).
出现于岩石区以及沙泥底。 稚鱼常见于潮池。 在繁殖场，此鱼种是侵略性,追而且咬其他的种, 尤其同种的其他鱼。 雌性先熟的雌雄同体.(参考文献 5222) 卵的人工受精被做，而且给仔鱼的最长的生存时间是 15 天。 (参考文献 6780) 在香港活鱼贩卖。 (参考文献 27253)
出现于岩石区以及沙泥底。 稚鱼常见于潮池。 在繁殖场，此鱼种是侵略性,追而且咬其他的种, 尤其同种的其他鱼。 雌性先熟的雌雄同体.(参考文献 5222) 卵的人工受精被做，而且给仔鱼的最长的生存时间是 15 天。 (参考文献 6780) 在香港活鱼贩卖。 (参考文献 27253)
生命周期和交配行为 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
西北太平洋: 韓國，日本，台灣，中國，越南與南中國海的島群。
主要参考文献
上传您的参考资料 | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)
CITES
Not Evaluated
对人类的威胁
无害处的
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 养殖: 商业性
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | 周边海洋
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基于模型的估算
首选温度 (参考文献 123201): 16.2 - 25.6, mean 22.5 °C (based on 74 cells).
系统发育多样性指数 (参考文献 82804): PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01096 (0.00635 - 0.01893), b=3.04 (2.90 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层 (参考文献 69278): 3.6 ±0.55 se; based on food items.
回复力 (参考文献 120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (Fecundity = 24,329).
营养素 (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 25.4 [12.5, 56.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.474 [0.258, 0.967] mg/100g; Protein = 18.4 [16.9, 19.8] %; Omega3 = 0.113 [0.070, 0.180] g/100g; Selenium = 34.9 [21.0, 62.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 167 [47, 594] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.34 [0.94, 1.87] mg/100g (wet weight);