分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii
板鳃亚纲 (鲨鱼与 鱼) (sharks and rays) >
Squatiniformes (Angel sharks)
琵琶鮫目 (Angel sharks) >
Squatinidae (Angel sharks)
琵琶鮫科(Angel sharks) (Angel sharks)
Etymology: Squatina: Latin for skate, which angel sharks superficially resemble, presumably tautonymous with Squalus squatina Linnaeus 1758 (no species mentioned). (See ETYFish); africana: ana- (L.), belonging to: Africa, referring to distribution from South Africa to Mozambique, Tanzania and Madagascar. (See ETYFish).
More on author: Regan.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 ? - 494 m (Ref. 5578), usually 60 - 300 m (Ref. 5578). 亞熱帶的; 4°S - 32°S
Western Indian Ocean: tropical and warm temperate waters from Tanzania to the eastern Cape coast of South Africa.
西印度洋: 來自坦尚尼亞到的熱帶與溫帶的水域南非的岬海岸東部。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 91.5, range 90 - 93 cm
Max length : 84.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 128961); 108.0 cm TL (female)
简单描述
检索表 | 型态特徵 | 形态测量图
This medium-sized angel shark species (maximum size 122.0 or possibly 130.0 cm TL) posess the following characters: no median row of scute-like denticles on the trunk; anterior nasal flap has two lateral, elongate barbels and a medial rectangular barbel, the ventral margin of medial barbel is slightly fringed, but that of lateral barbels are almost smooth; posterior nasal flap without additional barblet; concave between eyes; pectoral-pelvic space 6.0-10.2% TL; pectoral-fin apex is angular; pelvic-fin free rear tips do not reach level of first dorsal-fin origin; tail moderately long, its length from cloaca 51.2-53.2% TL; pectoral fins are moderately long, length 31.8-35.6% TL; dorsal fins are not lobe-like; first dorsal-fin base is somewhat longer than second dorsal-fin base; caudal fin of adults with angular apices; monospondylous centra 46-49; diplosondylous precaudal centra 58-62; total precaudal centra 104-111; total vertebral centra 134-143; pectoral-fin skeleton is with propterygium articulating with three radials. Colouration: dorsal medium to dark brown, reddish-brown or grayish, with a variable pattern of numerous light and dark reddish spots and blotches, marbled with brownish reticulations and partially forming symmetrical dark bands or saddles (Ref. 128961).
一明显地平的鲨鱼有与凹槽的圆头部分开的大胸鳍.(参考文献 5578) 背面褐色的具有一个淡色的斑点的网状图案, 腹面白色的.(参考文献 5578)
Found on the continental shelf and uppermost slope, from the surf line close inshore to 494 m depth (Ref. 247). Feeds on bony fish, squid and octopus (Ref. 247). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449), with about 7 to 11 young in a litter (Ref. 247). Largest juvenile males measured with clearly immature claspers are 45.3 cm TL (ZMH 26100) and 50.3 cm TL (MNHN-IC-1987-1265) while the largest female examined is 94.0 cm TL (SAIAB 187381) and possibly an adult; while small female specimens of 29.3 cm TL (ZMMU P-14844), 30.9 cm TL (ZMH 123064), and 38.5 cm TL (MNHN-IC-1988-0359) mm TL are clearly juvenile (Ref. 128961). Sometimes caught by surf anglers (Ref. 6588).
栖息于大陆棚与最上面的斜坡， 494 公尺深的从碎浪区近岸了。 (参考文献 247) 吃硬骨鱼，乌贼与章鱼。 (参考文献 247) 卵胎生的 (参考文献 50449), 有大约 7 到 11 幼鱼在一胎.(参考文献 247) 有时被海边垂钓者捕获了。 (参考文献 6588)
Ovoviviparous, with about 7 to 11 young in a litter. Size at birth between 28 and 34 cm. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449).西印度洋: 來自坦尚尼亞到的熱帶與溫帶的水域南非的岬海岸東部。
Weigmann, S., D.F.B. Vaz, K.V. Akhilesh, R.H. Leeney and G.J.P. Naylor, 2023. Revision of the western Indian ocean angel sharks, genus Squatina (Squatiniformes, Squatinidae), with description of a new species and redescription of the African angel shark Squatina africana Regan, 1908. Biology 2023, 12(77):975. (Ref. 128961)
人类利用
渔业: 自给性渔业; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 14 - 24.8, mean 18.2 °C (based on 68 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00479 (0.00258 - 0.00888), b=3.03 (2.86 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增时间超过14 年 (Fec=7).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (65 of 100).
