分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii
板鳃亚纲 (鲨鱼与 鱼) (sharks and rays) >
Squaliformes (Sleeper and dogfish sharks) >
Etmopteridae (Lantern sharks)
Etymology: Etmopterus: Greek, ethmos, -ou = sieve or ethmoides bone + Greek, pteron = wing, fin (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Günther.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 深度上下限 220 - 1620 m (Ref. 44037), usually 400 - 600 m (Ref. 124555). 深水域; 29°S - 59°S
Indian Ocean, Southern Pacific and Southern Atlantic (Ref. 106604). Reported from off the western Cape coast but the identity of South African specimens is questionable (Ref. 127434).
東南太平洋與西南大西洋: 智利南部，阿根廷南部與福克蘭群島記錄來自西方岬海岸外了，但是南非標本的鑑定是可疑的。 (正確的名稱可能是 新西蘭烏鯊〔Etmopterus baxteri〕 Garrick,1957) 在西太平洋的出現不確定的.(參考文獻 31367) 東半球記錄可疑的 (Compagno 1999, pers. comm.)。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - 75 cm
Max length : 86.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 122636); 最大体重: 3.6 kg (Ref. 122636)
背棘 (总数) : 2; 臀棘: 0. A large, heavy-bodied lanternshark with a big head (Ref. 5578), bladelike unicuspidate teeth in lower jaw and teeth with cusps and cusplets in upper jaw, stocky body, conspicuous lines of denticles on body, conspicuous black markings on underside of body and tail, with tail marking short and not extending far posteriorly (Ref. 247). Dark brown or black in color, possibly darker below (Ref. 26346).
一个大又身体重的乌鲨具有一个大的头部 (参考文献 5578), 刀叶状的单尖端的齿在下颌中而且上颌齿有牙尖与小滩角, 矮胖的身体 , 显着的细齿线在身体上, 显着的黑色斑纹在身体与尾部的下面上, 尾部印记短而不是遥远地在后部延伸.(参考文献 247) 深褐色或黑色的, 可能下面较黑.(参考文献 26346)
Found on outermost continental shelves and upper slopes (Ref. 247). Feeds on bony fishes including lanternfish, barracudina, synaphobranchid eels, oreo dories, hake, rattails, bathylagids, idiacanthids; also on squids (including histioteuthids and ommastrephids), octopuses, euphausiids, mysids, penaeid shrimp, salps, sponges and ribbonworms (Nemertina) (Ref. 124555). Bioluminescence observed, with the dorsal photophores, flank markings, and brighter pectoral fin and claspers are likely to be used for intraspecific communications and the ventrally emitted light is likely to be used for counterillumination (Ref. 123656). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205), with 10-13 in a litter, size at birth about 18 cm (Ref. 6871) to possibly 30 cm (Ref. 124555), Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 247.
栖息于最外的大陆棚与上层斜坡了。 (参考文献 247) 吃硬骨鱼，乌贼，虾与螃蟹。 (参考文献 5578) 卵胎生的 (参考文献 205), 藉由 10-13 一胎, 大小出生时大约 18 公分.(参考文献 6871) 最小深度报告取自参考文献 247.
Ovoviviparous, with 10-13 in a litter (Ref. 6871). Size at birth about 18 cm (Ref. 6871). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).東南太平洋與西南大西洋: 智利南部，阿根廷南部與福克蘭群島記錄來自西方岬海岸外了，但是南非標本的鑑定是可疑的。 (正確的名稱可能是 新西蘭烏鯊〔Etmopterus baxteri〕 Garrick,1957) 在西太平洋的出現不確定的.(參考文獻 31367) 東半球記錄可疑的 (Compagno 1999, pers. comm.)。
Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 247)
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 1.7 - 9.2, mean 3.2 °C (based on 174 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00363 (0.00291 - 0.00454), b=3.08 (3.02 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (Fec=10).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low to moderate vulnerability (27 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 7.13 [1.44, 36.37] mg/100g; Iron = 0.343 [0.085, 1.239] mg/100g; Protein = 19.4 [16.8, 21.5] %; Omega3 = 0.328 [0.118, 1.004] g/100g; Selenium = 12.4 [3.4, 39.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 20.1 [4.0, 113.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.385 [0.186, 0.758] mg/100g (wet weight);
