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Western Atlantic: Nunavut, Hudson Bay to James Bay and Labrador in Canada to New Jersey in USA; rarely to Chesapeake Bay in USA and Bermuda. Eastern Atlantic: Barents Sea, Iceland and Greenland to Spain (Ref. 4701).
Размер / Вес / Возраст
половая зрелость: Lm? range ? - ? cm Max length : 61.0 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 58426); 42.9 cm SL (female); наибольший вес (опубликованные данные): 9.5 kg (Ref. 4701); наибольший вес (опубликованные данные): 9.5 kg; наибольший возраст (опубликованны данные): 13 годы (Ref. 54207)
колючие лучи спинного плавника (общее число) : 5 - 9; членистые (мягкие) лучи спинного плавника (общее число) : 9 - 11; колючие лучи анального плавника: 0; членистые (мягкие) лучи анального плавника: 9 - 10; позвонки: 28 - 29. First dorsal fin present but covered by thick layer of skin forming a characteristic high crest with embedded spines. Bony tubercles present, arranged in 3 widely separated rows of large flattened tubercles on each side of body. Gill openings large, extend- extending below level of upper pectoral fin ray. Pyloric present 36-79. Ventral sucking disc formed by the modified pelvic fin (Ref. 232). Body shape (shape guide): short and / or deep; Cross section: angular.
Basically solitary rather than a schooling fish. They exhibit a homing instinct (Ref. 9737). Adults inhabit rocky bottoms but may occur among floating seaweed. They migrate considerable distances in an annual cycle between deeper waters in winter and shallower waters in summer (Ref. 26141). Maximum depth reported at 868 m (Ref. 58426). Epibenthic-pelagic (Ref. 58426). Juveniles are found among algal clumps in bays and fjords moving offshore as they mature (Ref. 96431). During the spawning season the males become reddish in color on the underside, whereas females turn blue-green. Adults feed on ctenophores, medusas, small crustaceans, polychaetes, jelly fish and small fishes. Valued for their eggs, which make an inexpensive caviar (Ref. 9988). Eaten in Nordic countries, marketed fresh or smoked. Male flesh is most demanded and roe is sold fresh (Ref. 35388).
Stein, D.L., 1986. Cyclopteridae. p. 1269-1274. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. III. (Ref. 4701)
Статус Красного Списка МСОП (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Предпочтительная температура (ссылка 123201): 0.6 - 11.4, mean 7.1 °C (based on 732 cells).
Индекс филогенетического разнообразия (ссылка 82804): PD50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02630 (0.01101 - 0.06285), b=2.99 (2.77 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Трофический уровень (ссылка 69278): 3.9 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
устойчивость к внешним воздействиям (ссылка 120179): низкий, минимальное время удвоения популяции 4.5-14 лет (K=0.12; tm=3-5; tmax=13; Fec=100,000).
Prior r = 0.15, 95% CL = 0.10 - 0.22, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Уязвимость рыбной ловли (Ref. 59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (47 of 100). 🛈
Климатическая уязвимость (Ref. 125649): Low to moderate vulnerability (26 of 100). 🛈
