分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Carangaria/misc (Various families in series Carangaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Carangaria) >
Polynemidae (Threadfins)
馬鮁科 (Threadfins)
Etymology: Eleutheronema: Greek, eleutheros = free + Greek, nema = filament (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Jordan & Evermann.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水; 深度上下限 5 - 8 m (Ref. 41639). 溫帶; 42°N - 15°N, 105°E - 142°E (Ref. 57343)
Northwest Pacific: China, Japan and Viet Nam. Not reported from the vicinity of oceanic islands.
西北太平洋: 中國與日本。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 73.9 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 41639)
背棘 (總數) : 9; 背的軟條 (總數) : 13 - 15; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 14 - 16. Pectoral filaments 4; fin membranes black. Vomer with deciduous tooth plates on both sides. Posterior part of maxilla deep, 3% of SL. Short tooth plate extension onto lateral surface of lower jaw, 8-9% SL (Ref. 41639).
胸的絲狀突起 4; 鰭薄膜黑色。 在兩邊上犛骨有易脫落的齒板。 顎骨的較後面的部分深的,3% 的 SL。 短齒碟延伸到下頜側面， 8-9% SL 。 (參考文獻 41639)
Found in shallow coastal waters and estuaries (Ref. 125475).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
西北太平洋: 中國與日本。
Motomura, H., Y. Iwatsuki, S. Kimura and T. Yoshino, 2002. Revision of the Indo-West Pacific polynemid fish genus Eleutheronema (Teleostei: Perciformes). Ichthyol. Res. 49(1):47-61. (Ref. 41639)
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 20.4 - 26.9, mean 24.7 °C (based on 176 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00562 (0.00269 - 0.01173), b=3.06 (2.87 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (56 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 25.2 [7.2, 77.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.291 [0.104, 0.790] mg/100g; Protein = 20.4 [18.4, 22.2] %; Omega3 = 0.354 [0.175, 0.703] g/100g; Selenium = 7.44 [1.68, 27.02] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.1 [3.3, 39.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.632 [0.295, 1.274] mg/100g (wet weight);
