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> Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Engraulidae (Anchovies) > Coiliinae
Etymology: Thryssa: Greek, thrissa, -es = shad (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Bloch & Schneider.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

marinhas; estuarina; oceanódromo (Ref. 51243); intervalo de profundidade 0 - 50 m (Ref. 189). Tropical; 25°N - 9°S, 69°E - 117°E (Ref. 189)

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Indo-West Pacific: western coast of India to Myanmar and south to Java, Indonesia.

Length at first maturity / Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Maturity: L_m 13.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 19.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 55634); 20.5 cm TL (female); peso máx. Publicado: 60.70 g (Ref. 55634); peso máx. Publicado: 60.70 g

Descrição breve Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria

Espinhos dorsais (total) : 0; Espinhos anais: 0; Raios anais moles: 29 - 37. Belly with 24 to 32 keeled scutes from isthmus to anus. Tip of snout on a level with eye center. Maxilla long, reaching to or almost to base of first pectoral fin ray; first supra-maxilla oval, minute. Lower gill rakers with serrae on the inner edge even and not clumped. A dark blotch behind upper part of gill opening.

Found in coastal pelagic waters and often observed as entering mangroves and adjacent brackish waters (Ref. 43081). Juveniles and adults may penetrate the upper reaches where mixohaline-mesohaline conditions prevail. Eggs and larvae are found in the lower reaches of the mangroves (Ref. 43081). A schooling species found mostly inshore. Feed on planktonic organisms in coastal waters (Ref. 43081). Juveniles in mangroves feed on larvae of shrimps and fish (Ref. 43081). Confusions in identification make all previous biological studies unreliable. One of the commonest species of Thryssa (if identifications have been correct).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reprodução | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvas

Referência principal Upload your references | Referências | Coordenador | Colaboradores

Wongratana, T., T.A. Munroe and M. Nizinski, 1999. Order Clupeiformes. Engraulidae. Anchovies. p. 1698-1753. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the WCP. Vol. 3. Batoid fishes, chimaeras and bony fishes part 1 (Elopidae to Linophrynidae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9822)

Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435)

Preocupação menor (LC) ; Date assessed: 10 December 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Ameaça para o homem

Harmless

Utilização humana

Pescarias: espécies comerciais

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 26.8 - 29.2, mean 28.6 °C (based on 648 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00603 (0.00375 - 0.00968), b=3.02 (2.89 - 3.15), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).

Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278): 3.6 ±0.6 se; based on diet studies.

Generation time: 1.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies.

Resiliência (Ref. 120179): Elevada, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população menor que 15 meses (K=0.76).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (18 of 100).

Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Thryssa mystax (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)