Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Sinh thái học
Biển Cùng sống ở rạn san hô; Mức độ sâu 0 - 80 m (Ref. 9773). Tropical; 32°N - 34°S, 27°E - 170°W
Indo-Pacific: East Africa and eastward through northern Australia to Samoa; north to southern Japan. Replaced by closely related Sufflamen albicaudatus in the Red Sea (Ref. 37816).
Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 30573)
Các tia vây lưng cứng (tổng cộng) : 3; Các vây lưng mềm (tổng cộng) : 26 - 28; Tia cứng vây hậu môn: 0; Tia mềm vây hậu môn: 23 - 26. Juveniles dark brown above, white below (Ref. 1602). Adult variable in color; the bar running through the pectoral base can either be yellow or black, and some individuals may be largely yellowish posteriorly (Ref. 1602).
Inhabit coastal to outer reefs. Habitats from silty lagoons to pristine outer reef walls (Ref. 48637). Occur in shallow lagoon and seaward reefs. Solitary and territorial. Feed on a wide variety of invertebrates. Also taken by drive-in nets (Ref. 9770). Oviparous (Ref. 205). Monogamous (Ref. 52884). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 128797.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Sự tái sinh sản | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Ấu trùng
Male defends a defined territory, within which a female resides. On the day prior to spawning, female pushes her snout into the sandy bottom repeatedly and removes small stones and pieces of coral at several sites. Adhesive eggs are deposited on the sandy bottoms or in a small cavity of the reef covered with sand. Female fans the eggs and defends the nest, while male patrols around female (Ref. 8603). Females are territorial, solely tending and guarding the eggs (Ref. 116451). Males exhibit polygyny (Ref. 116451).
Myers, R.F., 1991. Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Các nghề cá: buôn bán nhỏ; Bể nuôi cá: Tính thương mại
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.8 - 29.3, mean 28.4 °C (based on 3050 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02042 (0.01188 - 0.03509), b=2.94 (2.79 - 3.09), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Mức dinh dưỡng (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.20 se; based on food items.
Thích nghi nhanh (Ref.
120179): Trung bình, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là 1.4 - 4.4 năm (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 46.6 [19.4, 116.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.609 [0.306, 1.364] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [16.4, 20.6] %; Omega3 = 0.114 [0.058, 0.219] g/100g; Selenium = 30.6 [15.8, 63.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 58.2 [17.0, 202.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.07 [0.72, 1.59] mg/100g (wet weight);
