分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 0 - 80 m (Ref. 9773). 熱帶; 32°N - 34°S, 27°E - 170°W
Indo-Pacific: East Africa and eastward through northern Australia to Samoa; north to southern Japan. Replaced by closely related Sufflamen albicaudatus in the Red Sea (Ref. 37816).
印度-西太平洋: 東非南至 Chalumna 河, 南非 (參考文獻 11228) 而且東至美屬薩摩亞, 北至日本南部, 南至羅得豪島。 被接近地取代了在紅海講 Sufflamen albicaudatus 。 (參考文獻 37816)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 30573)
背棘 (總數) : 3; 背的軟條 (總數) : 26 - 28; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 23 - 26. Juveniles dark brown above, white below (Ref. 1602). Adult variable in color; the bar running through the pectoral base can either be yellow or black, and some individuals may be largely yellowish posteriorly (Ref. 1602).
稚魚上方深褐色的, 腹面白色的.(參考文獻 1602) 成魚的可變顏色; 穿過胸鰭基底的橫帶能或是黃色或者黑色的, 與一些個體可能是相當淡黃色在後部地.(參考文獻 1602)
Inhabit coastal to outer reefs. Habitats from silty lagoons to pristine outer reef walls (Ref. 48637). Occur in shallow lagoon and seaward reefs. Solitary and territorial. Feed on a wide variety of invertebrates. Also taken by drive-in nets (Ref. 9770). Oviparous (Ref. 205). Monogamous (Ref. 52884). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 128797.
棲息於岸礁到外海岩礁。 從淤泥的潟湖到原始的外圍礁石牆壁的棲息地.(參考文獻 48637) 出現在潟湖淺灘與臨海礁石。 獨居性的與具有領域性。 捕食各式各樣的無脊椎動物。 也用圍網捕獲。 (參考文獻 9770) 卵生的.(參考文獻 205) 一夫一妻的.(參考文獻 52884)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
Male defends a defined territory, within which a female resides. On the day prior to spawning, female pushes her snout into the sandy bottom repeatedly and removes small stones and pieces of coral at several sites. Adhesive eggs are deposited on the sandy bottoms or in a small cavity of the reef covered with sand. Female fans the eggs and defends the nest, while male patrols around female (Ref. 8603). Females are territorial, solely tending and guarding the eggs (Ref. 116451). Males exhibit polygyny (Ref. 116451).印度-西太平洋: 東非南至 Chalumna 河, 南非 (參考文獻 11228) 而且東至美屬薩摩亞, 北至日本南部, 南至羅得豪島。 被接近地取代了在紅海講 Sufflamen albicaudatus 。 (參考文獻 37816)
Myers, R.F., 1991. Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.8 - 29.3, mean 28.4 °C (based on 3050 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02042 (0.01188 - 0.03509), b=2.94 (2.79 - 3.09), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.20 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 46.6 [19.4, 116.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.609 [0.306, 1.364] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [16.4, 20.6] %; Omega3 = 0.114 [0.058, 0.219] g/100g; Selenium = 30.6 [15.8, 63.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 58.2 [17.0, 202.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.07 [0.72, 1.59] mg/100g (wet weight);
