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Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Labridae (Wrasses)
隆頭魚科 (Wrasses) > Corinae
Etymology: Coris: Greek, kore, -es = pupil and also with themenaing of "maid" (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 0 - 120 m (Ref. 27115), usually 1 - 60 m (Ref. 4742). 溫帶; 18°C - 22°C (Ref. 27115); 59°N - 1°S, 32°W - 36°E
Eastern Atlantic: Sweden to south of Cape Lopez, Gabon. Also known from the Mediterranean Sea. Specimen of Coris from Cape Verde and Senegal southward are probably Coris atlantica (Ref. 33411), here still treated as a junior synonym pending a definite publication of validity.
東大西洋: 對岬 Lopez ，加彭南方的瑞典。 也已知來自地中海。 來自維德角與塞內加爾南方的 Coris 的標本可能是 Coris atlantica(參考文獻 33411),這裡當一本有效性的明確出版的時候仍然視為了一個次同種異名。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 2683); common length : 20.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 4742); 最大年齡: 7 年 (Ref. 72479)
背棘 (總數) : 8 - 10; 背的軟條 (總數) : 11 - 12; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 11 - 12. Snout with 4-6 cephalic pores. Spiny rays flexible. No scales on head and on base of dorsal and anal fins. Vertebrae 25-26. Males: first 3 dorsal rays elongated, with an orange or red and black spot. Along the flanks, a- longitudinal zigzag orange or red stripe. Females and juveniles: a longitudinal large whitish stripe along flanks, a mid-longitudinal zigzag, dark brown stripe.
吻部有 4-6個頭部的孔。 刺狀的鰭條柔韌有彈性的。 沒有鱗片在頭部與背鰭基底與臀鰭上。 脊椎骨 25-26. 雄性: 延長的最初 3個背鰭鰭條,有一個橘色或紅色與黑色的斑點。 沿著側面, 一- 縱向的曲折橘色或紅色的斑紋。 母魚與稚魚: 一條縱向的大微白色的斑紋沿著側面，一個中央縱向的曲折，深褐色的斑紋。
Occurs in the littoral zone, near rocks and eelgrass beds. Usually found between 1-60 m, but old males stay in deeper water. Found in deeper waters during winter. Sometimes solitary, among rocks, often with numerous specimens in its immediate vicinity. Buries itself in sand at night or when frightened. Feeds on small gastropods, sea urchins, shrimps, worms, isopods and amphipods. Sexually mature when 1 year old. Protogynous species; females change sex to become males; specimen above 18 cm length are all males (Ref. 35388). Pelagic eggs (Ref. 4742).
在岩石與鰻草床的附近,出現於海濱的區域。 通常發現於 1-60 公尺之間，但是老的雄魚停留在較深的水域中。 在冬天期間發現於較深的水域了。 有時獨居性的，在岩石之中，時常在它的緊鄰區域中有很多的標本。 掩藏於沙子中在晚上或者當被驚嚇時。 吃小的腹足動物，海膽，蝦，蠕蟲，等足目動物與片腳類動物。 性成熟當 1 歲的時候。 雌性先熟的種; 雌性改變性別變成雄性; 在 18 公分長度上面的標本全都是雄性。 (參考文獻 35388) 大洋性的卵.(參考文獻 4742)
Females change sex to males before 18 cm TL. Sex reversal is completed in several weeks up to 5.5 months (Ref. 34185, 34255, 35388). Also Ref. 103751.東大西洋: 對岬 Lopez ，加彭南方的瑞典。 也已知來自地中海。 來自維德角與塞內加爾南方的 Coris 的標本可能是 Coris atlantica(參考文獻 33411),這裡當一本有效性的明確出版的時候仍然視為了一個次同種異名。
Quignard, J.-P. and A. Pras, 1986. Labridae. p. 919-942. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 4742)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 11 February 2009
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 游釣魚種: 是的; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 13.3 - 27.7, mean 19 °C (based on 636 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00871 (0.00742 - 0.01022), b=3.07 (3.02 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.11; tm=1).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low to moderate vulnerability (28 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 12.9 [4.0, 36.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.195 [0.108, 0.408] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [15.7, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.372 [0.156, 0.851] g/100g; Selenium = 8.22 [2.61, 25.53] μg/100g; VitaminA = 81.3 [20.5, 383.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 1 [0, 2] mg/100g (wet weight);
