分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies)
鱸形目 (Cichlids, convict blennies) >
Cichlidae (Cichlids)
慈鯛科魚類 (Cichlids) > Geophaginae
Etymology: Satanoperca: Taken from the prince of darkness. Hube liked to name cave fishes with diabolic names based on the idea of hell being underground + Greek, perke = perch (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Heckel.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 底中水層性; pH range: ? - 7.0; dH range: ? - 10. 熱帶; 24°C - 27°C (Ref. 2059)
South America: Amazon River basin, in the Guaporé River in Brazil and Bolivia; Paraná River basin, in the Paraguay River drainage in Brazil and northern Paraguay (to the Aquidabán River).
南美洲: 亞馬遜河流域, 在巴西與玻利維亞的 Guapore 河; 巴拉納河流域, 在巴拉圭河流域在巴西與北方的巴拉圭 (到 Aquidaban 河).
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 8.6 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 27.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 115169); 27.5 cm TL (female); 最大體重: 383.00 g (Ref. 115169); 最大體重: 383.00 g
Inhabits streams and lagoons with sandy to muddy bottom. Forages by plunging its protrusible mouth into the sandy or muddy bottom, filling it with sediment, and sorting out food inside the mouth. The bulk of the mouthful is expelled through the opercular openings and the
mouth, producing a cloud of sediment (substrate sifting). This feeding mode leaves a series of pits and mounds on the bottom. Feeds on insect larvae, crustaceans, plant debris and loose scales (Ref. 40396). Discourages piranha attacks by watching the predator, a tactic used when 2-5 fish feed in groups and the individuals take turns as the "watchman". Confronts an approaching piranha by charging towards the predator with an open mouth and erect dorsal fin (Ref. 9080).
棲息於溪流與潟湖底部為砂質或泥質的地方。 藉由使它的能伸展嘴陷入覓食那沙的或泥底部, 用沉澱物填充它, 而且挑出食物嘴巴內。 一口的大多數被驅逐經過鰓蓋開口與那
嘴, 產生一大堆沉澱物 (底部篩撒). 這一個進食模態在底部上離開一系列的窪凹與堆。 吃昆蟲幼生，甲殼動物，植物殘枝與散落的鱗片。 (參考文獻 40396) 當 2-5個魚在群中覓食，而且個體輪流如 " 巡夜者 " 的時候，藉由看掠食者，一個戰略使用過的使氣餒食人魚攻擊。 藉由向掠食者襲擊面對一個接近食人魚有一個開放的嘴與直立的背鰭.(參考文獻 9080)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
Ovophile mouth brooders.南美洲: 亞馬遜河流域, 在巴西與玻利維亞的 Guapore 河; 巴拉納河流域, 在巴拉圭河流域在巴西與北方的巴拉圭 (到 Aquidaban 河).
Kullander, S.O., 2003. Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 36377)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 21 November 2020
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02630 (0.01630 - 0.04244), b=3.01 (2.87 - 3.15), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.8 ±0.34 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (18 of 100).
